Abstract
Purpose of Review
The purpose of this study is to review the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and management strategies for irritant and allergic contact dermatitis (CD) in hospitalized patients.
Recent Findings
Contact dermatitis accounts for 10% of inpatient dermatology consult cases. This high frequency of CD arises because hospitalized patients are exposed to numerous irritants and common allergens as part of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Common triggers include antibiotics, antiseptics, anesthetics, latex, and rubber additives. Hypersensitivity to metals and other materials in cardiac and orthopedic implants has also been reported, and an association between CD and implant failure has been proposed.
Summary
Recognition of CD and identification of the causative agent require a detailed clinical and exposure history, physical exam, and a high degree of clinical suspicion. Timely diagnosis and management are crucial, as they enable symptom relief and improvement in quality of life, and may also positively impact overall health outcomes by reducing associated systemic morbidity.
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