Κυριακή 19 Δεκεμβρίου 2021

Bispecific antibodies targeting CD3 in oncology and hematology

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Bull Cancer. 2021 Oct;108(10S):S181-S194. doi: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2021.06.003.

ABSTRACT

Bispecific therapies targeting CD3, so-called T-cell engagers (TCE), belong to the new spectrum of anti-tumor immunotherapies stimulating T-lymphocytes. TCE are unique constructs targeting the MHC-independent CD3 epsilon subunit (CD3e) and a tumor antigen. To date, only blinatumomab have reached market agreements in lymphoid malignancies with constructs targeting CD3exCD19. Other TCE are in advances development, with promising results targeting CD20 and BSMA in lymphoma and myeloma. These successes have relaunched the development of TCE in solid tumors, bringing mixed results so far (notably in terms of tolerance). Still, TCE pave the way to new immunotherapy in tumors considered to be refractory to inhibitors of immune checkpoints such as prostate cancer or colorectal cancer.

PMID:34920802 | DOI:10.1016/j.bulcan.2021.06.003

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CARTi: The French-speaking group for the harmonization of immune monitoring in patients treated with CAR-T cells

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Bull Cancer. 2021 Oct;108(10S):S141-S142. doi: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2021.06.006.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:34920796 | DOI:10.1016/j.bulcan.2021.06.006

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CAR-T cell: Toxicities issues: Mechanisms and clinical management

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Bull Cancer. 2021 Oct;108(10S):S117-S127. doi: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2021.05.003.

ABSTRACT

CAR-T cells are modified T cells expressing a chimeric antigen receptor targeting a specific antigen. They have revolutionized the treatment of B cell malignancies (aggressive lymphomas, B-ALL), and this has raised hopes for application in many other pathologies (myeloma, AML, solid tumors, etc.). However, these therapies are associated with novel and specific toxicities (cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity). These complications, although mostly managed in a conventional hospitalization unit, can sometimes be life threatening, leading to admission of patients to the intensive care unit. Management relies mainly on anti-IL6R (tocilizumab) and corticosteroids. However, the optimal treatment regimen is still a matter of debate, and the management of the most severe forms is even less well codified. In addition to CRS and ICANS, infections, cytope nia and hypogammaglobulinemia are other frequent complications. This article reviews the mechanisms, risk factors, clinical presentation, and management of these toxicities.

PMID:34920794 | DOI:10.1016/j.bulcan.2021.05.003

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The Voice Problem Impact Scales (VPIS)

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Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are important for systematically assessing a person's perspectives and experiences with disease to inform clinical decision-making. However, PROMs can occasionally fail to capture subtle differences amongst subgroups. In response to this problem, the aim of the current study was to examine the convergent validity of four patient-reported voice activity and participation scales to better reflect and describe the impact of a voice problem in a patient's work, home, social and overall life.
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