In vitro activities of colistin combined with imipenem, tigecycline or cefoperazone-sulbactam against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii blood-stream isolates

2016-09-13T16-56-07Z
Source: Disease and Molecular Medicine
Öznur Ak, Demet Hacıseyitoglu, Yasemin Çağ, Serap Gençer, Funda Biteker, Serdar Özer.
Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as one of the most important nosocomial pathogens and multi-drug resistant (MDR) isolates are of great concern worldwide. The aim of the present study was to investigate the in vitro synergistic activity of colistin in combination with other antibiotics against MDR A. baumannii blood stream isolates. A total of 54 non-duplicate, MDR A. baumannii isolates from blood culture specimens obtained between June 2011 and July 2012 were included in the study. In vitro synergistic activity of colistin in combination with imipenem, tigecycline or cefoperazone-sulbactam against study isolates was investigated by Etest superimposing method and the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index was calculated for each antibiotic combination. The most frequent synergistic effect of colistin was found in combination with tigecycline in only 7 isolates (13.0%). All three antibiotics were found to have synergistic effect with colistin in four isolates (7.4%). Of isolates, 46 (85.2%) showed additive effect of colistin in combination with cefoperazone-sulbactam or tigecycline, 45 (83.3%) with imipenem. We found synergistic activity of colistin with other study antibiotics in only a small number of isolates. Although Etest method is a practical method to investigate the synergistic activity, in case of choosing empirical treatment, colistin in combination with another antibiotic may be preferred.


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Efficacy of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Vastus Medialis Obliqus in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: A Double Blinded Randomized Controlled Trail

2016-09-13T12-26-15Z
Source: International Journal of Therapies and Rehabilitation Research
Rajesh Kumar Das, Komal Malik, Bibhuti Sarkar, Sourov Saha, Abhishek Biswas.
Background: Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NEMS) had found to be an effective treatment intervention for improving functional abilities in many neurological conditions. But, there is lack of literature about the role of NMES in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS) and existing studies show contradictory results. Objectives: To evaluate the effects of NEMS on early Vastus Medialis Obliqus (VMO) activation in PFPS. Methods: Total 30 subjects with PFPS were randomized into Group-A with NEMS and supervised exercise program and Group- B with supervised exercise program only. NMES used in this study was a single channel pre-programmed portable stimulator, which supplies biphasic symmetric rectangular pulses with pulse duration 20-1000 μsec, frequency 30-75 pulses per sec, time on: off 10:50 sec for 30 minutes. Outcome measures were - Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain intensity during activities, Kujala Score for functional disability, Maximum Voluntary Isometric Contraction (MVIC) for muscle strength and Electromyography (EMG) for level of VMO: VL muscle activation. These parameters were measured at zero week (baseline data), 4th week (post-treatment) and 5th week (follow up). RESULTS: Group- A (NMES) showed more improvement than Group-B in VAS, Kujala Score, VMO: VL ratio and MVIC at post treatment and follow up with significance value p

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PREVALENCE OF MUSCULOSKELETAL PROBLEMS IN MASSEUSE

2016-09-13T09-27-35Z
Source: International Journal of Therapies and Rehabilitation Research
Sathya Guruprasad, Ramakrishnan K.S, Harshita Gowda.
The aim of this study was to find out musculoskeletal disorders in Masseuse on the basis of posture adopted, working hours per day, number of clients attended per day and years of experience. 50 Masseuse were selected for the study. The result and conclusion of the study states that the musculoskeletal problems on the basis of posture adopted - lower back pain is the highest in bending(24%) , in sitting(22%) and in kneeling (20%) . Shoulder pain (20%) is highest in standing. On the basis of number of working hours, lower back pain (22%) is more in subjects working for at least 6 hours. On the basis of number of clients attended per day, lower back pain (20%) is more in subjects attending more than 6 clients per day, on the basis of years of work experience, lower back pain (23%) is more in subjects with work experience more than 8 years.


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EFFECT OF ANKLE FOOT ORTHOSIS ON BACK GEOMETRY IN CHILDREN WITH SPASTIC DIPLEGIA A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL

2016-09-13T09-27-35Z
Source: International Journal of Therapies and Rehabilitation Research
Asmaa Abd Elsattar Abonour.
ABSTRACT Objective:The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ankle foot orthosison back geometry in children with spastic diplegia. Design:This is a randomized controlled study; thirty-two children with spastic diplegia from both sexes, ranging in age from six to eight years represented the sample of this study. They were divided randomly into two groups of equal number; control and study groups. Control group received a designed exercise program, while study group received the same designed rehabilitation program as control group in addition to ankle foot orthosis. Evaluation of back geometry parameters: trunk imbalance, pelvic tilt, surface motion, and lateral deviation was conducted for each child of the two groups before and after three months of treatment using Formetric instrument system. Results:There was a significant improvement in all the measuring variables of the two groups when comparing their pre and post-treatment mean values (P ˂ 0.05). Comparison between groups post treatment revealed a significant decrease in trunk imbalance, pelvic tilt, surface rotation, and lateral deviation of study group compared with control group (p > 0.05). Conclusions:Ankle foot orthosisis an effective aid when added to treatment program in correcting posture in children with spastic diplegia.


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Comparison of VO2 Peak during Treadmill and Level ground walking in Healthy individuals

2016-09-13T09-27-35Z
Source: International Journal of Therapies and Rehabilitation Research
Trupti Kavit Munshi.
ABSTRACT Introduction: Oxygen uptake peak (VO2 peak) or VO2 max indicates the functional capacity of cardiorespiratory function and is often considered as the benchmark indicator of cardiorespiratory fitness (McArdle et al., 1996). In addition to evaluating functional capacity in healthy and diseased individuals, VO2 peak is used to prescribe endurance exercise and monitor physical training adaptations (Shephard, 1984). No literature was found that compare VO2peak in treadmill versus level ground walking. Therefore the purpose of this atudy was To compare VO2maxon treadmill versus level ground walking in healthy individuals. Methodology: Thirty healthy subjects (20 females, 10 males) enrolled in the study. All subjects were randomly distributed in two groups, treadmill group and level ground walking group. Rock port 1 mile track walk test was used to measure VO2 peak. Both the group were asked to walk for 1 mine on treadmill and on level ground respectively. Than data was collected and VO2peak was measured using regression equation VO2max (mlmin-1kg-1)=(132.85)-(0.077* Body weight)-(0.39*Age)+(6.32*Gender)-(3.26*Elapsed time)-(0.16*HR) (Foster & Maud) Result : The results obtained from Unpaired t test were found to be significant. The above study suggests that VO2peak was higher on level ground walking than on treadmill walking. Discussion: In present study Elapsed time was taken for walking on treadmill was more than on level ground walking. And in Regression equation, Elapsed time is inversely proportional to the VO2 peak value. This can explain increase value of VO2 peak in level ground walking. This is supported by the Mayer at al ,2003 in his study. Conclusion: . In conclusion, VO2peak were statistically significant (p >0.05) when treadmill was compared to level ground walking during peak exercise in healthy youth. The results of this case study show that a level ground exercise program can be safely recommended to an individual beginning an exercise prescription, as it will elicit similar or greater physiological benefits to that of a land-based exercise program.


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