Clofazimine Mechanisms of Action in Mycobacteria, HIV, and Cancer

Reply to Singh et al.—Singh et al. reported that clofazimine blockade of Kv1.3 K⁺ channels enhances BCG vaccine efficacy by expanding central memory T lymphocytes [1]. This discovery, along with the recent discovery of clofazimine increasing the anti-inflammatory interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL1RA) [2], help explain the long-known, empirically proven efficacy of clofazimine for leprosy, both as an antimycobacterial antibiotic and as an anti-inflammatory treatment for leprosy reactions, including late neuropathies.

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