The Effects of Music on Pain: A Meta-Analysis

<span class="paragraphSection"><div class="boxTitle">Abstract</div><div class="boxTitle">Background:</div>Numerous meta-analyses have been conducted on the topic of music and pain, with the latest comprehensive study published in 2006. Since that time, more than 70 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been published, necessitating a new and comprehensive review.<div class="boxTitle">Objective:</div>The aim of this meta-analysis was to examine published RCT studies investigating the effect of music on pain.<div class="boxTitle">Methods:</div>The present study included RCTs published between 1995 and 2014. Studies were obtained by searching 12 databases and hand-searching related journals and reference lists. Main outcomes were pain intensity, emotional distress from pain, vital signs, and amount of analgesic intake. Study quality was evaluated according to the Cochrane Collaboration guidelines.<div class="boxTitle">Results:</div>Analysis of the 97 included studies revealed that music interventions had statistically significant effects in decreasing pain on 0–10 pain scales (<span style="font-style:italic;">MD</span> = –1.13), other pain scales (<span style="font-style:italic;">SMD</span> = –0.39), emotional distress from pain (<span style="font-style:italic;">MD</span> = –10.83), anesthetic use (<span style="font-style:italic;">SMD</span> = –0.56), opioid intake (<span style="font-style:italic;">SMD</span> = –0.24), non-opioid intake (<span style="font-style:italic;">SMD</span> = –0.54), heart rate (<span style="font-style:italic;">MD</span> = –4.25), systolic blood pressure (<span style="font-style:italic;">MD</span> = –3.34), diastolic blood pressure (<span style="font-style:italic;">MD</span> = –1.18), and respiration rate (<span style="font-style:italic;">MD</span> = –1.46). Subgroup and moderator analyses yielded additional clinically informative outcomes.<div class="boxTitle">Conclusions:</div>Considering all the possible benefits, music interventions may provide an effective complementary approach for the relief of acute, procedural, and cancer/chronic pain in the medical setting.</span>

from #AlexandrosSfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2kq5jYQ
via IFTTT