Effect of Semi-quantitative Culture Results from Complex Host Surgical Wounds on Dehiscence Rates

Abstract

The primary aim of this study was to determine the effect of positive bacterial cultures at the time of closure on dehiscence rates. Pre and post-débridement wound cultures from patients undergoing serial surgical débridement of infected wounds were compared with outcomes 30 days postoperatively. One-hundred patients were enrolled; 35 were excluded for incomplete culture data. Sixty-five patients were evaluated for species counts, including Coagulase negative Staphylococcus, and semi-quantitative culture data for each débridement. The post-débridement cultures on the date of closure had no growth in 42 patients (64.6%) of which 6 dehisced (14.3%), and 36 remained closed; with no statistically significant difference in dehiscence rates (p=0.0664). Pre-débridement cultures from the 1^st débridement of the 65 patients showed 8 patients had no growth, 29 grew 1 species, 19 grew 2 species, and 9 had 3-5 species. There was a reduction in the number of species and improvement of semi-quantitative cultures with each subsequent débridement. The dehiscence rate for those who had 2 débridements (n=42) was 21.4% at 30 day follow-up and 21.7% in those who had 3 débridements (n=23). The number of débridements had no statistical significance on dehiscence rates. The presence of Coagulase negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) on the day of closure was a statistically significant risk for dehiscence within 30 days (p=0.0091) postoperatively. This data demonstrates: (1) positive post-débridement cultures (scant/rare, growth in enrichment broth) at the time of closure did not affect overall dehiscence rates (p=0.0664), (2) the number of species and semi-quantitiative culture results both improved with each subsequent débridement, (3) the number of surgical débridement did not influence post-closure dehiscence rates. (4) Positive cultures containing Coagulase negative Staphylococcus at the time of closure is a risk factor for dehiscence (p=0.0091). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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