Based on the finite element method (FEM), the parametric variational principle (PVP) is combined with a numerical time-domain integral method to simulate the dynamic behavior of the pantograph-catenary system. Based on PVP, formulations for the nonlinear droppers in the catenary and for the contact between the pantograph and the contact wire are proposed. The formulations can accurately determine the tension state or compression state of the nonlinear droppers and the contact state between the pantograph and the contact wire. Based on the periodicity of the catenary and the precise integration method (PIM), a numerical time-integration method is developed for the dynamic responses of the catenary. For this method, the matrix exponential of only one unit cell of the catenary is computed, which greatly improves the computational efficiency. Moreover, the validation shows that the formulations can compute the contact force accurately and represent the nonlinearity of the droppers, which demonstrates the accuracy and reliability of the proposed method. Finally, the dynamic behaviors of the pantograph-catenary system with different types of catenaries are simulated.
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Publication date: Available online 4 January 2018 Source: European Journal of Radiology Author(s): Peiyao Zhang, Jing Wang, Qin Xu, Zhen...
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Publication date: March 2017 Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Volume 104 from #AlexandrosSfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfak...
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Dtsch med Wochenschr DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-100054 Hintergrund und Fragestellung Ein etablierter Weg, die optimale Behandlung von Tumorpatien...
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Background Hyperthyroidism is associated with increased thrombotic risk. As contact system activation through formation of neutrophil extrac...
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Deepak Thapa, Vanita Ahuja, Deepanshu Dhiman Indian Journal of Anaesthesia 2017 61(12):1012-1014 from #AlexandrosSfakianakis via Alexa...
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Abstract Limited memory size is considered as a major bottleneck in data centers for intelligent urban computing. It is shown that there e...
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ecancer is supporting #BowelCancerAwarenessMonth https://t.co/opXxCAAxzE from #AlexandrosSfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inore...
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Linked Article: Maintz et al. Br J Dermatol 2017; 176:481–487 . from #AlexandrosSfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader h...
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We present a patient with an asymptomatic unilateral swelling of the anterolateral thigh. MRI showed hypertrophy of the tensor fasciae latae...
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