Adiponectin concentration data improve the estimation of atherosclerotic risk in normo and in overweight subjects

Summary

Background

The combinations of adipokines and body mass parameters to estimate carotid atherosclerotic disease has not been completely delineated.

Objective

To test the combinations of well-established, easily accessible body mass indices and circulating biomarkers to identify increased carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in a primary prevention setting.

Design and patients

In a cross-sectional analysis of 339 asymptomatic individuals with no history of cardiovascular events, inflammatory and insulin sensitivity biomarkers as well as adipokine levels were measured and combined with body mass parameters in order to evaluate the best marker for increased cIMT.

Results

As isolated parameters, body mass index (BMI) and adiponectin best identified abnormal cIMT (p=0.04). Adiponectin levels were also linked to the relationship between BMI and cIMT (β=0.0371; p=0.01). Twenty-nine individuals with increased cIMT were missed by BMI alone but detected by combining BMI and adiponectin measurements. When compared with BMI alone, the combination adiponectin plus BMI improved the c-statistic (0.549 to 0.567) and the integrated discrimination improvement index (0.01725; p=0.021). Segregation of individuals by the combined use of BMI + adiponectin are associated with significant differences in insulin sensitivity, glomerular filtration rate, systemic inflammatory activity, dyslipidaemia and cIMT.

Conclusions

Combining plasma adiponectin measurements and BMI improves estimation of cIMT as compared with anthropometric parameters.

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