Optimization of volumetric breast density estimation in digital mammograms

Fibroglandular tissue volume and percent density can be estimated in unprocessed mammograms using a physics-based method, which relies on an internal reference value representing the projection of fat only. However, pixels representing fat only may not be present in dense breasts, causing an underestimation of density measurements. In this work, we investigate alternative approaches for obtaining a tissue reference value to improve density estimations, particularly in dense breasts. Two of three investigated reference values ( F 1, F 2) are percentiles of the pixel value distribution in the breast interior (the contact area of breast and compression paddle). F 1 is determined in a small breast interior, which minimizes the risk that peripheral pixels are included in the measurement at the cost of increasing the chance that no proper reference can be found. F 2 is obtained using a larger breast interior. The new approach which is developed for very d...

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