Whilst Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of proton energy deposition have been well-validated at the macroscopic level, their microscopic validation remains lacking. Equally, no gold-standard yet exists for experimental metrology of individual proton tracks. In this work we compare the distributions of stochastic proton interactions simulated using the TOPAS-nBio MC platform against confocal microscope data for Al 2 O 3 :C,Mg fluorescent nuclear track detectors (FNTDs). We irradiated ##IMG## [http://ift.tt/2neLRj3] {$8\times 4\times 0.5$} mm 3 FNTD chips inside a water phantom, positioned at seven positions along a pristine proton Bragg peak with a range in water of 12 cm. MC simulations were implemented in two stages: (1) using TOPAS to model the beam properties within a water phantom and (2) using TOPAS-nBio with Geant4-DNA physics to score particle interactions through a water surrogate ...
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As demonstrated by the market reactions to downgrades of various sovereign credit ratings in 2011, the credit rating agencies occupy an impo...
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from #AlexandrosSfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2iI98XR via IFTTT
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Abstract Despite the recent promising results of clinical trials using human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-based cell therapies for age-rel...
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Spindle cell/pleomorphic lipoma is an uncommonly encountered benign neoplasm that is usually found in the subcutaneous tissues. Rare cases r...
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Lichtenstein intervention is currently the classic model of the regulated treatment of inguinal hernias by direct local approach. This “tens...
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Abstract Deducing the scapular positions of extinct tetrapod skeletons remains difficult, because the scapulae and rib cage are connected ...
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Abstract Introduction Radiotherapy is essential for achieving and maintaining local control in head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma (HNRMS) pa...
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Background Understanding the cultural characteristics of healthcare organisations is widely recognised to be an important component of patie...
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Facial asymmetry in a crying newborn can be due to a variety of different causes. Neonatal asymmetric crying facies (NACF) is a specific phe...
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