Molecular characterization of bla ESBL -producing Escherichia coli cultured from pig farms in Ireland

<span class="paragraphSection"><div class="boxTitle">Abstract</div><div class="boxTitle">Objectives</div>To characterize ESBL-encoding <span style="font-style:italic;">Escherichia coli</span> cultured from pigs and their plasmids carrying these genes following conjugation into recipient strains.<div class="boxTitle">Methods</div>Six ESBL-producing <span style="font-style:italic;">E. coli</span> were recovered from faecal samples taken from pigs along with a further isolate from the environment of a farrowing house on three pig farms in Ireland. These isolates were characterized by phylogenetic grouping, MLST and ESBL genotype analyses. Conjugation experiments were carried out in broth mating assays. S1-nuclease PFGE was used to determine the plasmid profiles. Whole-genome sequences of the seven <span style="font-style:italic;">E. coli</span> were determined and subsequently analysed.<div class="boxTitle">Results</div>Phylogenetic groups and the corresponding MLST STs identified among the seven tested <span style="font-style:italic;">E. coli</span> isolates included A/ST10, A/ST34, C/ST23 and C/ST1629. All seven isolates carried one or more high-molecular-weight plasmids and demonstrated the ability to transfer their cefotaxime resistance phenotype at high frequencies. Five transmissible plasmid replicon types were detected, including IncK/B (<span style="font-style:italic;">n</span> = 3), IncI1 (<span style="font-style:italic;">n</span> = 2), IncFIA (<span style="font-style:italic;">n</span> = 1), IncFIB (<span style="font-style:italic;">n</span> = 1) and IncN (<span style="font-style:italic;">n</span> = 1). ESBL-encoding genes, including <span style="font-style:italic;">bla</span>_CTX-M-14, <span style="font-style:italic;">bla</span>_CTX-M-15 and <span style="font-style:italic;">bla</span>_TEM-20, were identified.<div class="boxTitle">Conclusions</div>As the first report from pig sources in Ireland, characterization of these ESBL-encoding isolates and their transmissible plasmids extends our understanding on these resistance markers from porcine <span style="font-style:italic;">E. coli</span>.</span>

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