IL-17A and IL-17F are critical for antimicrobial peptide production and clearance of Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization.

IL-17A and IL-17F are critical for antimicrobial peptide production and clearance of Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization.

Infect Immun. 2016 Oct 10;:

Authors: Archer NK, Adappa ND, Palmer JN, Cohen NA, Harro JM, Lee SK, Miller LS, Shirtliff ME

Abstract
Approximately 20% of the population is persistently colonized by S. aureus in the nares. Th17-like immune responses mediated by the IL-17 family of cytokines and neutrophils are becoming recognized as relevant host defense mechanisms for resolution of S. aureus mucocutaneous infections. Since antimicrobial peptides are regulated by the IL-17 cytokines, we sought to determine the role of IL-17 cytokines in production of antimicrobial peptides in a murine model of S. aureus nasal carriage. We discovered that nasal tissue supernatants have anti-staphylococcal activity, and mice deficient in both IL-17A and IL-17F lost the ability to clear S. aureus nasal colonization. IL-17A was found to be sufficient for nasal mBD-3 production ex vivo, and required for CRAMP, mBD-3, and mBD-14 expression in response to S. aureus colonization in vivo These data were confirmed in a clinical study of nasal secretions in which elevated levels of the human forms of these antimicrobial peptides were found in nasal secretions from healthy human subjects when they were colonized with S. aureus but not in secretions from non-colonized subjects. Together, these data provide evidence for the importance of IL-17A regulation of antimicrobial peptides and IL-17F in the clearance of S. aureus nasal carriage.

PMID: 27736775 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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