The Expanding Role of Immunotherapy

The development of therapeutic agents that modulate the immune system (IS) to induce or potentiate its anti-tumour activity has revolutionized cancer treatment in recent years. Focusing on the IS of the host rather than the tumour has proven to be an effective strategy in a number of tumours. However, this approach is not new. In the late 19th century, William Coley noticed that some patients affected by sarcoma had tumour response when injected locally with bacteria-derived toxins in what seemed to be an immune-driven effect [1].

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