Medicine, Religion, and the Humanitarian Ethos:

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Medicine, Religion, and the Humanitarian Ethos: Walter B. Cannon, Unitarianism, and the Care of Spanish Republican Refugees in France Via Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences - current issue Abstract Biographies of Walter B. Cannon (1871-1945) usually present two sides of his life: one, where he was an outstanding man of science in the United States during the so-called "Golden Age of Medicine," and the other, where he was a leading humanitarian activist engaged in myriad causes, notably in the defense of Spanish democracy during the Civil War (1936-1939). However, these biographies fail to take into account that the apparent link between these two sides of his life was his religious conviction.This study summarizes the aims and accomplishments of the American Medical Bureau to Aid the Spanish Democracy (AMBASD) of which Cannon was chair between 1937 and 1939. Then, it examines Cannon's inspirational role on the international relief work with Spanish Republican refugees in France, through the case of the Varsovie Hospital of Toulouse that between 1945 and 1949 was jointly managed by the Unitarian Service Committee (USC) and the Joint An ti-Fascist Refugee Committee (JAFRC), and renamed Varsovie Hospital/Walter B. Cannon Memorial in recognition of the Spanish Republicans' debt for his extraordinary contribution during the Spanish Civil War and beyond. Finally, the article investigates the Unitarian roots of Cannon's humanitarian ethos by exploring the historical relations of this religious movement with science and with many major actors at Harvard University as well as the links of Cannon's relatives to Unitarianism.The analysis reveals Unitarianism's influence on Cannon's views about science, democracy, and liberty, as well as on his remarkable involvement in the medical solidarity movement with the Second Spanish Republic and other similar commitments. In sum, it shows how important is to branch out in our studies of medical and scientific practice to include practitioners' broader social and religious communities in order to understand their motivations, achievements, and behavior. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Association of comorbidity score with perioperative outcomes following transoral robotic surgery: National analysis

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Association of comorbidity score with perioperative outcomes following transoral robotic surgery: National analysis Via Head & Neck Abstract Background The association of comorbidities with perioperative outcomes after transoral robotic surgery (TORS) is not well-defined in the literature. Methods Using the National Cancer Database, 4004 patients with T1-T2 oropharyngeal cancer between 2010 and 2017 were stratified based on their Charlson–Deyo Comorbidity Class (CDCC). Thirty-day unplanned readmissions, 30-day mortality, and 90-day mortality were compared using chi-square test and logistic regression. Hospital length of stay (LOS) was compared using the Kruskal–Wallis test. Results LOS was greater for patients with CDCC 2 or 3 compared to CDCC 0 or 1 (p < 0.001). Increasing age and CDCC ≥3 were associated with 30-day mortality (CDCC ≥3: odds ratio [OR] 5.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.59–19.45). CDCC ≥3 (OR 2.61, 95%CI 1.09–6.27) was significantly associated with 30-day readmissions. Conclusion This national analysis demonstrates greater rates of unplanned 30-day readmissions, longer hospitalizations, and increased 30- and 90-day mortality after TORS in patients with CDCC ≥3. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the floor of mouth and retromolar trigone in association with basaloid squamous cell carcinoma

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the floor of mouth and retromolar trigone in association with basaloid squamous cell carcinoma Via International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery via MedWorm.com Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and basaloid squamous cell carcinoma are each rare but aggressive diseases of the head and neck. A case of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma occurring simultaneously with a basaloid squamous cell carcinoma originating from the oral cavity is described in this report. The diagnosis of these pathologies can be challenging but is important, as staging and treatment recommendations differ from those for oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. (Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery) View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Pharmacokinetics, safety and efficacy of intra‐articular non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug injections for the treatment of osteoarthritis: A narrative review

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Pharmacokinetics, safety and efficacy of intra‐articular non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug injections for the treatment of osteoarthritis: A narrative review Via Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics We provide a comprehensive review on intra-articular (IA) non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) injections for the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). We found that single doses of IA NSAIDs provided far less total systemic and synovial exposure compared to a one week course of oral NSAIDs, but maximum concentrations to the synovium with IA administration were much higher. Further, single IA NSAID injections appeared to be safe and efficacious compared to courses of oral NSAIDs or single IA corticosteroids in either small animals, large animals or humans. Further research must be conducted, however, IA NSAIDs could be used as an alternative or adjunct therapy to treat OA related pain, especially for patients that are high risk for corticosteroid related adverse effects. Abstract What is known and Objective Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common cause of joint disease and activity limitation in adults. Common therapies to treat OA-related pain are oral and topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and intra-articular (IA) corticosteroids. However, prolonged courses of oral NSAIDs are associated with systemic adverse effects and repeat IA corticosteroid injections may cause cartilage degeneration. IA NSAIDs may be an alternative therapy possibly minimizing systemic side effects while maintaining efficacy. Therefore, we sought to summarize the pharmacokinetics, safety and efficacy of IA NSAIDs to help providers make a more informed decision on the use of IA NSAIDs. Methods We searched the National Library of Medicine Database with terms "intraarticular and nsaid", yielding 1032 results. Only traditional formulations of NSAIDs were considered for inclusion. Animal studies were included if animals were healthy or if the method of arthritis induction was a reasonable model of osteoarthritis. Human studies were included if humans were healthy or if the primary disease studied was osteoarthritis of a large joint. Of 1032 results, 31 research articles met the inclusion criteria and were summarized in this review. Results and Discussion We found that single doses of IA NSAIDs provided far less total systemic and synovial exposure compared to a one week course of oral NSAIDs, but maximum concentrations to the synovium with IA administration were much higher. IA NSAIDs had an excellent safety profile in small animals, large animals and humans, although these injections were associated with non-specific cartilage inflammation in healthy animals. In animal models, IA NSAIDs had similar efficacy to PO NSAIDs in treating OA-related pain. In humans, IA NSAIDs had similar efficacy to PO NSAIDS and IA corticosteroids in treating OA-related pain; however, many trials did not have a placebo control and outcome measures were heterogeneous. What is new and Conclusion Overall, single doses of IA NSAIDs appear safe and efficacious across animals and humans. The optimal use of IA NSAIDs is still to be determined and further research is needed. However IA NSAIDs may be an additional beneficial therapy to treat OA-related pain. Potential uses may be to augment IA corticosteroids injections, to interrupt multiple IA corticosteroid injections or as an alternative in patients that are high risk for corticosteroid-related adverse events. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

A Precision Adjuvant Approach to Enhance SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines Optimized for Immunologically Distinct Vulnerable Populations

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader A Precision Adjuvant Approach to Enhance SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines Optimized for Immunologically Distinct Vulnerable Populations Via Clinical Infectious Diseases Advance Access Abstract The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has caused significant mortality, especially among older adults whose distinct immune system reflects immunosenescence. Multiple SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have received emergency use authorization and or approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, and throughout the world. However, their deployment has heighted significant limitations, such by age-dependent immunogenicity, requirements for multiple vaccine doses, refrigeration infrastructure that is not universally available, as well as waning immunity. Thus, there was, and continues to be a need for continued innovation during the pandemic given the desire for dose-sparing, formulations stable at more readily achievable temperatures, need for robust immunogenicity in vulnerable populations and development of safe and effective pediatric vaccines. In this context, optimal SARS-CoV-2 vaccines may ultimately rely on inclusion of adjuvants as they can potentially enhance p rotection of vulnerable populations and provide dose-sparing effects enabling single shot protection. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Magnesium sulfate administration in difficult laryngoscopy: An effective and safe method

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Magnesium sulfate administration in difficult laryngoscopy: An effective and safe method Via ScienceDirect Publication: American Journal of Otolaryngology Publication date: Available online 4 May 2022 Source: American Journal of Otolaryngology Author(s): Kamyar Iravani, Mehrdad Salari, Aida Doostkam, Farhad Mehrabi, Maryam Ghadimi View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

SEZ6L2, regulated by USF1, accelerates the growth and metastasis of breast cancer

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader SEZ6L2, regulated by USF1, accelerates the growth and metastasis of breast cancer Via ScienceDirect Publication: Experimental Cell Research Publication date: Available online 4 May 2022 Source: Experimental Cell Research Author(s): Long Chen, Sijia Han, Yang Li, Yanfu Zheng, Qiang Zhang View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Lessons learned from proton vs photon radiation therapy for glioblastoma signal-finding trial

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Lessons learned from proton vs photon radiation therapy for glioblastoma signal-finding trial Via Neuro-Oncology Current Issue We appreciate the astute comments of Drs Vogelius and Bentzen regarding the analyses reported in association with our phase II randomized trial of proton therapy (PT) vs intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM).1 To address their question about the differences in the reported numbers, the abstract in 2017 reported the intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis of the available patients with completed follow-up whereas the final report presented updated ITT analyses as well as the important per-protocol analysis. The per-protocol analysis included a shift of 2 patients who were assigned to protons but received IMRT due to insurance denial for protons. This raises the learned challenges that were faced within this randomized trial comparing two radiation modalities that relied on insurance approvals eve n within the clinical trial context. We do summarize that although 90 patients consented, the analysis consisted of 67 patients because "the majority of patients were excluded before treatment began due to insurance denial of proton therapy" (p. 1340). There was a further loss of evaluable patients due to loss of follow-up, limiting the evaluable patients who completed neurocognitive function testing, our primary study endpoint. It is possible that further bias may have been introduced in the patients who chose to remain on study vs those who chose to no longer participate or were lost to follow-up. Due to these various competing factors that limited the evaluable patients as well as the primary goal of evaluating the cognitive effects of two treatments, we reported the per-protocol analysis in order to try and associate cognitive toxicity of the treatment received and its related brain dosimetry. When seeking to understand the differences particularly in treatment-related toxic ity between treatments in small phase II signal-finding trials, we argue that there is substantial value to ensuring you are comparing the clinical outcomes relative to delivered treatments, which requires an effective treatment analysis approach. Given the various lessons learned and challenges faced, we congratulate the forethought of the ongoing randomized proton trials that integrated more sophisticated randomization and trial designs to help address some of these challenges. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.