Τομογραφία Εκπομπής Ποζιτρονίων (PET) και υβριδικά συστήματα PET-ΜRI

[PDF] Τομογραφία εκπομπής ποζιτρονίων (PET) και υβριδικά συστήματα PET-MRI

--

Αλέξανδρος Γ. Σφακιανάκης

Αναπαύσεως 5 Άγιος Νικόλαος Λασιθίου 72100

2841026182

00306932607174

Early warning signals for Omicron outbreaks

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Early warning signals for Omicron outbreaks in China: a retrospective study via Journal of Medical Virology Abstract The Omicron variant has become the dominant COVID-19 variant worldwide due to its rapid and cryptic spread; therefore, successful early warning is of great importance to be able to control epidemics in their early phase, before developing into large outbreaks. COVID-19-related Baidu search index, which reflects human behavior to a certain degree, was used to retrospectively detect the warning signs for Omicron variant outbreaks in China in 2022. The characteristics and effects of warning signs were analyzed in detail. We detected the presence of early warning signs (both high and low thresholds) and found that these occurred 4–7 days earlier than traditional epidemiological surveillance and >20 days earlier than the implementation of the local "lockdown" policy. Compared with the "high threshold" warning, the early warning effect of the "low threshold" is also vital because it indicates a complacency about epidemic prevention and control. Ho wever, there is obvious heterogeneity in the optimal threshold for detecting early warning signs and their distribution in different cities. Multi-source and multi-point early warning systems should be established via combining internet-based big data in the future to conduct effective and early real-time warning. This would create precious time for the early control of COVID-19 outbreaks. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on Web

Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Health‐related quality of life in children and adolescents with pleuropulmonary blastoma: A report from the International PPB/DICER1 Registry

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Health‐related quality of life in children and adolescents with pleuropulmonary blastoma: A report from the International PPB/DICER1 Registry via Pediatric Blood & Cancer Abstract Purpose Pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is the most common lung cancer of infancy and early childhood and is associated with germline DICER1 variants. Type I and Ir PPB are cystic lesions treated surgically, with a subset of children with type I receiving chemotherapy. Type II and III are more aggressive lesions, treated with surgery, intensive chemotherapy and potentially radiation. We sought to assess health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in children with PPB and known germline DICER1 variants. Methods Children with a diagnosis of PPB or germline DICER1 pathogenic variant without history of PPB or other DICER1-related neoplasm (DICER1+ only) were enrolled in the International PPB/DICER1 Registry. Parent reports for participants aged 2–17 years for the PedsQL v.4 and PedsQL Multidimensional Fatigue Scale v.3 were collected. Fatigue, physical, and psychosocial function scores were compared. Results Analysis included 84 participants (PPB type Ir = 20, type I = 15, type II/III = 27, DICER1+ only = 22). Total fatigue scores of participants with type I and II/III PPB were lower compared to DICER1+ only, with effect size larger in type II/III (−0.82 vs. −0.40). Total psychosocial and physical functioning scores were lower in participants with type I and type II/III PPB compared to DICER1+ only, with larger effects noted in type II/III. Female sex was suggestive of worse HRQoL for both type I/Ir and type II/III cohorts. Conclusions These data demonstrate the importance of regular HRQoL assessment in patients with a history of PPB as well as the importance and feasibility of studying HRQoL in children with rare tumors. View on Web

Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Salvage treatments for locally recurrent nasopharyngeal cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Salvage treatments for locally recurrent nasopharyngeal cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis via Head & Neck Abstract The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of various salvage treatments to treat locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (IrNPC). A comprehensive search was conducted to gather relevant research publications on salvage treatment for IrNPC. Specifically, 2-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival were the primary outcome. A total of 89 studies with 101 cohorts were collected. Endoscopic nasopharyngectomy was found to be associated with a significantly improved 5-year OS compared with CRT (p = 0.027) and IMRT (p = 0.016). Moreover, based on recurrence T classification, the 2-, 3-, and 5-year OS were similar across different treatments. Endoscopic nasopharyngectomy was associated with a significant reduction in treatment-related complications (grade ≥ 3) compared with IMRT (p < 0.001) and open nasopharyngectomy (p = 0.028). Endoscopic nasopharyngectomy may provide comparable treatment outcomes t o re-irradiation, while offering a better safety profile for selective patients with resectable IrNPC. View on Web

Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Enteral nutrition support and treatment toxicities in patients with head and neck cancer receiving definitive or adjuvant helical intensity‐modulated radiotherapy with concurrent chemotherapy

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Enteral nutrition support and treatment toxicities in patients with head and neck cancer receiving definitive or adjuvant helical intensity‐modulated radiotherapy with concurrent chemotherapy via Head & Neck Abstract Background Enteral nutrition (EN) is often required in patients with head and neck cancer (HNSCC); however, initiation criteria is limited or inconsistent. This study aimed to describe the relationship of treatment toxicities and requirement for EN and investigate toxicity and baseline characteristics association with EN duration. Methods Acute toxicities and baseline characteristics were collected from patients with HNSCC (n = 110) undergoing H-IMRT. Percentage EN contributing to estimated requirements and EN duration were measured. Results The threshold for patients needing ≥50% of estimated requirements via EN increased from week 3 to 4 for grade ≥2 oral/pharyngeal mucositis, dysgeusia, thick saliva and nausea, and for grade 3 dysphagia. Patients with grade 2–3 dysphagia had a reduced risk of ceasing EN compared to those with grade 0–1 dysphagia. Conclusions Using acute toxicities in clinical practice may be a useful tool to inform prompt initiation of EN prior to decline in nutritional status and anticipate EN duration. View on Web

Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Three‐dimensional evaluation of sleep bruxism‐related splint wear using a dental laboratory scanner: a preliminary clinical study

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Three‐dimensional evaluation of sleep bruxism‐related splint wear using a dental laboratory scanner: a preliminary clinical study via Journal of Oral Rehabilitation Abstract Background: The wear depth on the occlusal splint (OS) is reportedly associated with the sleep bruxism (SB) level, as evaluated using portable polysomnography (PSG) recordings. However, the OS is deformed owing to SB forces, possibly preventing the accurate quantification of the wear facets. Objectives: To introduce a newly developed system to quantify the wear facets on the OS using a dental laboratory scanner (D810) and investigate the association between the wear facets, as evaluated with this system, and the SB level. Methods: Ten healthy individuals who were diagnosed with SB based on portable PSG recordings participated in this study. They were asked to wear the OS for 2 months. The first day after a 2-week adaptation period was defined as the reference day, and sequential scanning of the OS surface was performed on days 15, 30, and 45. Changes in the OS surface from the reference day allowed dimensional evaluation of the wear facets in terms of the maximum wear depth, wear area, and wear volume. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to test whether each of these variables could be predicted by any of the SB-related variables. Results: The total duration of SB episodes per hour of sleep and the maximum muscle activity were significantly associated with the wear area, as measured with our system (adjusted R-squared was 0.78, p < 0.01). Conclusion: Our system allows dimensional analysis of the wear facets on the OS surface in association with the SB level. View on Web

Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Pre‐treatment or post‐treatment with hydroxychloroquine demonstrate neuroprotective effects in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Pre‐treatment or post‐treatment with hydroxychloroquine demonstrate neuroprotective effects in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion via Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology Abstract Background and Objectives Stroke is a serious life-threatening medical condition and is one of the principal reasons for death and disabilities worldwide. The aim of the present study was to determine the neuroprotective effects of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and the timing of its administration in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in rats. Methods A global I/R model was used and HCQ was administered in either pre- or post-treatment doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg. Effects of HCQ on infarct size, histological changes, oxidative stress, as well as learning and memory were evaluated. Phospho-AMPK and SQSTM1/p62 protein levels were also measured to elucidate the possible mechanisms involved. Results HCQ in both pre-(at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg) or post-treatment (at a dose of 50 mg/kg) protocols reduces brain infarct size and histopathological changes and improves learning and memory after cerebral I/R. Pre-treatment with HCQ reduced AMPK activity with no significant effect on SQSTM1/p62 increment. Post-treatment with HCQ increased AMPK activity and SQSTM1/p62 protein levels. Conclusion Our results show the neuroprotective effects of HCQ on cerebral I/R through the reduction in infarct size, histopathological changes, as well as improvement in memory and learning functions. Moreover, AMPK and autophagy may play a role in this protective effect. View on Web

Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.