Gene expression profiling of laminin α3 blocked keratinocytes reveals an immune‐independent mechanism of blistering

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Gene expression profiling of laminin α3 blocked keratinocytes reveals an immune‐independent mechanism of blistering Via Experimental Dermatology Abstract Laminin-332 pemphigoid is a rare and chronic autoimmune blistering disease which results in subepidermal blisters and erosive lesions predominantly localized to mucous membranes. As histologic inflammation is variable, and non-complement fixing IgG antibodies against laminin-332 are the predominant class of autoantibodies deposited at the epidermal basement membrane zone, we hypothesized that complement-independent pro-inflammatory and blistering pathways existed similarly to that previously shown in BP. As autoantibodies to laminin α3 are most prevalent, we studied the major cellular response to blockade of laminin α3 using a well characterized monoclonal antibody (P3H9-2). RNA-seq revealed upregulation of numerous desmosomal genes (DSG1, DSG3, DSC1, DSC3, DSP) as well as KRT1 and KRT10. Additionally, P3H9-2 treated cells demonstrated downregulation of most hemidesmosomal genes. A pro-inflammatory response was not appreciated. Using pharmacological inhibito rs, we identified both protein kinase C and NOTCH as key regulators of P3H9-2 induced differentiation. We lastly utilized 3D human skin equivalents to determine whether blockade of laminin α3 would lead to delayed blistering, consistent with keratinocyte differentiation. Significant blistering was noted after 72 hours of treatment, with only minimal separation at 24 hours. In summary, blockade of laminin α3 alters keratinocyte differentiation, representing a potential complement-independent mechanism of blistering. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Misconceptions about paraoxonase-1

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Misconceptions about paraoxonase-1 Via Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Oct 26:S1808-8694(21)00171-3. doi: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2021.08.009. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:34794918 | DOI:10.1016/j.bjorl.2021.08.009 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Early outcomes of endoscopic endonasal approach pituitary adenomas resection with minimal nasal injury

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Early outcomes of endoscopic endonasal approach pituitary adenomas resection with minimal nasal injury Via leak of cerebrospinal fluid Medicine (Baltimore). 2021 Nov 19;100(46):e27843. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000027843. ABSTRACT To report the results of a consecutive series of pituitary adenomas resected through endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) with minimal nasal injury.Retrospectively review tumor characteristics and surgical outcomes of a consecutive series of EEA pituitary adenomas resection performed mainly by a single author between March 2018 and June 2019.A total of 75 endoscopic endonasal approach pituitary adenoma resections were performed by the authors' team. Of the 75 patients, 28 through mononostril EEA, 47 through Binonostril EEA. Hadad-Bassagasteguy vascularized nasoseptal flap was harvested in only 4 (5.3%) patients with a high risk of postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak, and one side middle turbinate only been resected in 2 (2.7%) patients, other patients preserved bilateral middle turbinate. Of the 75 patients, gross total resection is 74.7%, near-tota l resection is 16.0%. Endocrinological remission was achieved in 76.9% of GH-secreting adenomas, 61.5% of prolactin-secreting adenomas. The postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak rate was 2.7%. Two patients had suprasellar hemorrhage, 1 patient had perioperative stroke, 2 patients had permanent diabetes insipidus, no cranial nerve deficits, internal carotid artery injury, anosmia, and death. The sino-nasal function was measured with the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22 and visual analog scale for olfaction preoperatively and postoperatively, and there was no statistically significant difference.The EEA is an effective approach to resect pituitary adenomas, the gross total resection and near-total resection rate and endocrinological remission rate are satisfactory. The EEA is a safe approach, as the complication rate is acceptable compared with those reported in the previous series of microscopic and endoscopic approaches. These results can be achieved with minimal nasal injury. PMID :34797319 | DOI:10.1097/MD.0000000000027843 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Petrous Bone Cholesteatoma: Facial and Hearing Preservation

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Petrous Bone Cholesteatoma: Facial and Hearing Preservation Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Nov 19:1455613211056554. doi: 10.1177/01455613211056554. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Objectives: Petrous bone cholesteatoma (PBC) is a rare condition of the petrous portion of the temporal bone. Treatment of choice consists of radical surgical removal, paying attention to protect the facial nerve and inner ear as far as possible. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of modified translabyrinthine techniques in preserving hearing function and the use of the adjuvant endoscopic techniques in a group of PBC patients. Methods: This study comprised 16 cases of PBCs surgically treated in our Department. Pre- and post-operative hearing status was assessed with pure tone audiometry and speech discrimination and graded according to the Gardner- Robertson classification system. Facial function was based on the House Brackman (HB) classification. PBCs were grouped using Sanna's classification. The choice of surgical technique was based on the above findings together with preoperative evidence. Post-operative follow-up ranged from 1 to 10 years and also included Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging assessment. Results: PBCs were classified as follows: 37.5% infralabyrinthine; 43.75% supralabyrinthine; and 18.75% massive. Preservation of the bone conduction threshold was feasible in 62.5% of patients. For supralabyrinthine PBCs a subtotal petrosetomy was performed in all cases and he aring preservation was possible in 57% of them: an adjuvant endoscopic approach was performed in 43%. Infralabyrinthine PBCs were treated using a modified translabyrinthine approach with preservation of bone conduction in 83% of patients; an adjuvant endoscopic approach was performed in 50% cases. One patient with a massive cholesteatoma was treated by modified translabyrinthine approach, preserving a serviceable level of hearing. In all massive cases, an adjuvant endoscopic approach was performed. In 2 patients with preoperative palsy, facial nerve function showed an improvement. The follow-up period revealed evidence of limited recurrence at CT imaging in 2 patients. Conclusions: The introduction of modified surgical approaches, able to preserve the anatomical-functional structures, have shown an improvement of post-operative hearing outcomes. PMID:34797992 | DOI:10.1177/01455613211056554 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Effects of vestibular rehabilitation in the management of patients with and without vestibular migraine

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Effects of vestibular rehabilitation in the management of patients with and without vestibular migraine Via Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Oct 25:S1808-8694(21)00161-0. doi: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2021.07.011. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Vestibular Migraine (VM) is the second most common cause in patients with vertigo. Patients with VM complain about vestibular symptoms during a headache attack or during the period between attacks. Vestibular Rehabilitation (VR), an exercised based therapy to treat dizziness and balance dysfunction has been shown to be effective in vestibular diseases. In this study, we aimed to assess the effect of VR for vestibular symptoms and quality of life in VM patients, and to compare the results with patients with vestibular disorders without migraine. METHODS: Sixty (60) patients who received VR treatment were divided into two groups: vestibular migraine group (30 patients) and non-migraine vestibular dysfunction group (30 patients). All patients received VR for 18 sessions and the program was complete d in 1.5 months. Pre- and post-treatment Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) scores, Vestibular Disorders Activities of Daily Living Scale (VADL) scores, the frequency of dizziness and headache, and Computerized Dynamic Posturography (CDP) scores were assessed and compared retrospectively. RESULTS: With VR in both the vestibular migraine group and vestibular dysfunction group, DHI score, VADL score, the frequency of dizziness and headache scores significantly impaired. Post-treatment CDP results were higher than pre- treatment results for both patient groups. CONCLUSION: With VR, a significant improvement was observed in subjective and objective balance assessment measurement. Vestibular Rehabilitation must be considered in patients who do not benefit from medical therapy or have limited benefit. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III (evidence obtained from well-designed controlled trials without randomization). PMID:34799267 | DOI:10.1016/j.bjorl.2021.07.011 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of intraoral treatments for neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of intraoral treatments for neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia Via swallowing exercises J Oral Rehabil. 2021 Nov 20. doi: 10.1111/joor.13274. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Rehabilitative treatments for oropharyngeal dysphagia, including oromotor exercises and sensory stimulation, have been widely adopted in clinical practice. However, the effects of these treatments are mainly supported by exploratory studies. As such, their clinical efficacy remains uncertain. OBJECTIVE: Our systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of int raoral treatments for neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia based on evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCTs). METHODS: Six electronic databases were systematically searched between January 1970 and July 2021. Data were extracted and analysed by two independent reviewers. The outcome measure was change in (any) relevant clinical swallowing-related characteristic. RESULTS: Data from 285 dysphagic patients were collected from 8 RCT studies across a range of intraoral dysphagia treatments. The pooled effect size of all intraoral dysphagia treatments was non-significant compared to control comparators (SMD [95%CI] = 0.23 [-0.22, 0.69], p=0.31; I2 =73%). Subgroup analysis revealed that the pooled effect sizes were also non-significant for oromotor exercises (device-facilitated lip resistance exercises and tongue exercises) (SMD [95%CI] = 0.11 [-0.76, 0.97]; p=0.81; I2 =88%) and sensory stimulation (thermal-tactile, thermo-chemical and electrical st imulation) (SMD [95%CI] = 0.35 [-0.03, 0.72]; p=0.07; I2 =0%). CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that overall, intraoral dysphagia treatments, including oromotor exercises and sensory stimulation, do not show beneficial effects for neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia. The evidence for these treatments remains weak and currently inadequate to support clinical use. Large scale, multi-centre randomised controlled trials are warranted to fully explore their clinical efficacy. PMID:34800341 | DOI:10.1111/joor.13274 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Anatomical variants of the medioplantar oblique ligament and inferoplantar longitudinal ligament: an MRI study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Anatomical variants of the medioplantar oblique ligament and inferoplantar longitudinal ligament: an MRI study Via radiol anat Surg Radiol Anat. 2021 Nov 20. doi: 10.1007/s00276-021-02860-0. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: The spring ligament complex (SL) is the chief static stabilizer of the medial longitudinal foot arch. The occurrence of normal anatomical variants may influence radiological diagnostics and surgical treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate anatomical variants of the part of SL located inferior to the talar head (i-SL), medioplantar oblique ligament (MPO) and infer oplantar longitudinal ligament (IPL). METHODS: We included 220 MRI examinations of the ankle performed on a 3.0 T engine. Only patients with a normal SL were included. Two musculoskeletal radiologists assessed the examinations and Cohen's kappa was used to assess agreement. Differences between groups were assessed using the chi-squared test; p < 0.05 was considered as significant. The final decision was made by consensus. RESULTS: Most commonly, i-SL was composed of the two ligaments IPL and MPO n = 167 (75.9%); in this group, bifid ligaments occurred in 19.2%, most commonly in the MPO. A branch to the os cuboideum was seen in n = 17 (10.2%). Three ligaments were seen in n = 52 (23.6%). In this group, bifid ligaments occurred in 13.5%; most commonly, the IPL was bifid and a branch to the os cuboideum was noted in n = 6 (11.5%). In one case, n = 1 (0.04%), we identified MPO, IPL and two accessory ligaments. No significant relationship was noted between the number of li gaments, the presence of bifid ligaments and side or gender (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: More than two aligaments were seen in 24.1% of examined cases, the most common variant was the presence of MPO, IPL and one accessory ligament. PMID:34800154 | DOI:10.1007/s00276-021-02860-0 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Circadian clock and cell cycle: Cancer and chronotherapy

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Circadian clock and cell cycle: Cancer and chronotherapy Via histochem Acta Histochem. 2021 Nov 17;123(8):151816. doi: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151816. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The circadian clock is an endogenous timing system that ensures that various physiological processes have nearly 24 h circadian rhythms, including cell metabolism, division, apoptosis, and tumor production. In addition, results from animal models and molecular studies underscore emerging links between the cell cycle and the circadian clock. Mutations in the core gene s of the circadian clock' can disrupt the cell cycle, which in turn increases the possibility of tumors. At present, tumor chronotherapy, which relies on a circadian clock mechanism, is developing rapidly for optimizing the time of drug administration in tumor treatment to improve drug efficacy and safety. However, the relationship between the circadian clock and the cell cycle is extremely complicated. This review summarizes the possible connection between the circadian clock and the cell cycle. In addition, the review provides evidence of the influence of the circadian clock on senescence and cancer. PMID:34800857 | DOI:10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151816 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.