Ιατρικά Άρθρα Αλέξανδρος Γ. Σφακιανάκης: 04/08/17

Σάββατο 8 Απριλίου 2017

Multiple keratotic papules and plaques on the trunk in Cowden's disease with MALT lymphoma

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Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in advanced cutaneous T-cell lymphoma

Abstract

We retrospectively reviewed data pertaining to five patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) who had received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) between 2004 and 2015 at Kurume University Hospital, along with their clinical data until March 2016. For patients with advanced CTCL eligible for HSCT, autologous HSCT was performed when they responded well to chemotherapy, and allogeneic HSCT was selected for patients with advanced mycosis fungoides (MF)/Sézary syndrome (SS) and CTCL other than MF/SS with poor chemosensitivity. Two patients (primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma and primary cutaneous CD8⁺ aggressive epidermotropic cytotoxic T-cell lymphoma) who responded well to chemotherapy received autologous HSCT: one patient was alive in partial remission and the other died due to therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia without disease relapse. In the remaining three patients with MF or SS, allogeneic HSCT was performed. Although one patient with MF died due to disease progression, the remaining two patients were alive in complete remission. Although there were two deaths in this study, the outcomes were considered satisfactory.

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Identification of a heterozygous p.Gly568Val missense mutation in the TRPV3 gene in a Japanese patient with Olmsted syndrome: In silico analysis of TRPV3

Abstract

Olmsted syndrome is a very rare congenital disorder, characterized by palmoplantar keratoderma and periorificial keratotic lesions. Recently, TRPV3 was reported to be a causative gene of Olmsted syndrome. We identified a heterozygous missense mutation of TRPV3, c.1703G>T, p.Gly568Val, in a Japanese patient with Olmsted syndrome. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a Japanese patient with Olmsted syndrome harboring a missense mutation in TRPV3. We conducted in silico analysis of TRPV3 to evaluate whether the p.Gly568Val leads to structural changes in the TRPV3 selectivity filter. The selectivity filter was shown to become dilated and hyperpermeable as a result of genetic mutation (p.Gly573Ser, p.Tr692Gly or p.Gly568Val) as well as after a change in temperature (300 K to 310 K). In silico analysis of TRPV3 could be a useful approach in predicting mutation-induced activated states of ion channels, and thus enrich our understanding of the pathogenesis of Olmsted syndrome.

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Differential diagnosis of trabectedin extravasation: A case report

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Case of remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema (RS3PE) syndrome induced by nivolumab in a patient with advanced malignant melanoma

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Apremilast, an oral phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, in the treatment of Japanese patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis: Efficacy, safety and tolerability results from a phase 2b randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Apremilast, an oral, small-molecule phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, works intracellularly within immune cells to regulate inflammatory mediators. This phase 2b randomized, placebo-controlled study evaluated efficacy and safety of apremilast among Japanese patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. In total, 254 patients were randomized to placebo, apremilast 20 mg b.i.d. (apremilast 20) or apremilast 30 mg b.i.d. (apremilast 30) through week 16; thereafter, all placebo patients were re-randomized to apremilast 20 or 30 through week 68. Efficacy assessments included achievement of 75% or more reduction from baseline in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index score (PASI-75; primary) and achievement of static Physician Global Assessment (sPGA; secondary) score of 0 (clear) or 1 (minimal) at week 16. Safety was assessed through week 68. At week 16, PASI-75 response rates were 7.1% (placebo), 23.5% (apremilast 20; P = 0.0032 vs placebo) and 28.2% (apremilast 30; P = 0.0003 vs placebo); sPGA response rates (score of 0 or 1) were 8.8% (placebo), 23.9% (apremilast 20; P = 0.0165 vs placebo) and 29.6% (apremilast 30; P = 0.0020 vs placebo). Responses were maintained with apremilast through week 68. Most common adverse events (AEs) with placebo, apremilast 20 and apremilast 30 (0–16 weeks) were nasopharyngitis (8.3%, 11.8%, 11.8%), diarrhea (1.2%, 8.2%, 9.4%), and abdominal discomfort (1.2%, 1.2%, 7.1%), respectively. Exposure-adjusted incidence of these AEs did not increase with continued apremilast treatment (up to 68 weeks). Apremilast demonstrated efficacy and safety in Japanese patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis through 68 weeks that was generally consistent with prior studies.

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The Demographic Study of Otorhinolaryngological Trauma Among Patients with Head and Neck Trauma and Their Management in a Tertiary Care Centre

Abstract

The trauma has been increasing in frequency, especially in recent decades because of the higher number of automobile accidents and violence. The ear, nose and face region is the area in the body that is commonly involved in head and neck injury. Trauma to this region is often associated with mortality and varying degree of physical, functional and psychological damage. To study the demography, aetiology, clinical presentation, outcome of ENT trauma in our tertiary care centre and to compare our study with previous studies to see the changing trends with passage of time. A prospective study was conducted on 200 head and neck patients with ENT injuries during a period of 1 year from July 2014 to July 2015, who were admitted in ENT Department and Trauma Centre of Gajra Raja Medical College and J.A. Group of Hospital, Gwalior. Most of the patients were young adult males of age group 18–40 years (45, 22.5%) with a male:female ratio 1.78:1. Among them 53% patients were from rural area while 47% were from urban area. RTA is the most prevalent cause of ENT trauma (37%), followed by interpersonal violence (25%). 27% of the patients had facial injury and multiple region injury each. Among 200 patients 33% were managed conservatively on the other hand 66% patients required surgical interventions. Mortality rate was 8%. Among all 184 survivors 25.5% suffered from hearing loss, 14.5% had tympanic membrane perforation with hearing loss, 12% had pinna disfigurement, 10% had change in voice, 6.5% had permanent nasal deformity, 2% had facial nerve palsy. Young male adults were the most prevalent victims of ENT trauma, and Road traffic accidents were responsible for majority of the ENT injuries. Screening of all the patients with head and neck injuries for the presence of trauma in the ENT region should be introduced to enable early detection and therefore prevention of complications.

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Drinking and Driving Persuasive Essay Comm215 July 12, 2010 Drinking and Driving Each year numerous lives are lost due to careless and irrational driving.

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Ultrastructural localization of 5-methylcytosine on DNA and RNA

Abstract

DNA methylation is the major epigenetic modification and it is involved in the negative regulation of gene expression. Its alteration can lead to neoplastic transformation. Several biomolecular approaches are nowadays used to study this modification on DNA, but also on RNA molecules, which are known to play a role in different biological processes. RNA methylation is one of the most common RNA modifications and 5-methylcytosine presence has recently been suggested in mRNA. However, an analysis of nucleic acid methylation at electron microscope is still lacking. Therefore, we visualized DNA methylation status and RNA methylation sites in the interphase nucleus of HeLa cells and rat hepatocytes by ultrastructural immunocytochemistry and cytochemical staining. This approach represents an efficient alternative to study nucleic acid methylation. In particular, this ultrastructural method makes the visualization of this epigenetic modification on a single RNA molecule possible, thus overcoming the technical limitations for a (pre-)mRNA methylation analysis.

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One-Anastomosis Gastric Bypass: First 407 Patients in 1 year

Abstract

Background

One-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) is a promising laparoscopic procedure with various benefits including shorter operating times and less operative complications. That said, it is yet to gain widespread acceptance. Here, we describe our first-year experience with OAGB in our department, in particular the safety and efficacy of this procedure.

Methods

This study is a retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent OAGB between March 2015 and March 2016 by our bariatric surgery unit. Patient demographics, comorbidities, operative and postoperative data were collected and analyzed as well as outcomes during the first year.

Results

Four hundred and seven patients underwent OAGB (254 females, average age 41.8 ± 12.05, BMI = 41.7 ± 5.77 kg/m²). Ninety-eight patients (24%) had prior bariatric surgery. Ninety-four patients (23%) had diabetes, 93 patients (22.8%) had hypertension, 123 (28.8%) had hyperlipidemia, and 35 patients (8.6%) suffered from obstructive sleep apnea. Eight patients (1.96%) had early minor complications (Clavien-Dindo 1–3a), and 10 patients (2.45%) suffered early major complications (Clavien-Dindo ≥3b). The average length of hospital stay was 2.2 ± 0.84 days (range 2–10 days). Twenty patients (4.8%) were readmitted, and 10 patients underwent reoperation. Patients who had had previous bariatric surgery had higher rates of complications, a prolonged hospital admission, higher rates of readmission, and early reoperations. The average excess weight loss (%EWL) 1 year following surgery was 88.9 ± 27.3 and 72.8 ± 43.5% in patients that underwent primary and revision OAGB, respectively.

Conclusions

OAGB is both safe and effective as a primary as well as a revision bariatric surgery.

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Influence of vitamin D levels on the cardiovascular profile of hypogonadal men

Abstract

Purpose

A large body of evidence suggests a role for vitamin D in conditioning cardiovascular risk. Therefore, it can be hypothesized that vitamin D might also play a role in influencing the metabolic profile of hypogonadal men. In this work, we aimed at evaluating if any relationship exists between vitamin D levels and cardiovascular parameters in male hypogonadism.

Methods

Hypogonadal patients attending our andrology unit were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical and biochemical parameters were evaluated.

Results

103 patients were studied (51 non-diabetic and 52 diabetic subjects). Mean age of the whole sample was 65 years (standard error of the mean: 0.62). Significant correlations of age, total testosterone, parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcemia, and 25-OH vitamin D with the metabolic profile were found. In logistic regression models including age, total testosterone, PTH, calcemia and 25-OH vitamin D as independent variables, lower levels of 25-OH vitamin D were associated with high values of body mass index (BMI) [odds ratio (OR) 0.910, p 0.019], insulin (OR 0.918, p 0.034), homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) index (OR 0.918, p 0.030), total cholesterol (OR 0.819, p < 0.001), triglycerides (OR 0.820, p < 0.001), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR 0.923, p 0.034). In non-diabetic subjects, lower levels of 25-OH vitamin D were associated with high values of BMI, insulin, HOMA, triglycerides, systolic, and diastolic blood pressure. On the other hand, in diabetic subjects, lower levels of 25-OH vitamin D were associated with high values of total cholesterol and triglycerides.

Conclusions

Our work shows the influence of vitamin D on cardiovascular profile in male hypogonadism. This effect seems to be more relevant in non-diabetic subjects. If these data were to be confirmed, vitamin D assessment might become mandatory in the clinical evaluation of cardiovascular profile in male hypogonadism.

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IJMS, Vol. 18, Pages 784: Lysozyme Associated Liposomal Gentamicin Inhibits Bacterial Biofilm

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Definition Essay Examples

Define assignment. assignment synonyms, assignment pronunciation, assignment translation, English dictionary definition of assignment. n. 1.

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Makah Indians and Whaling essays

Category: essays research papers; Title: A Whale Hunt Envision the Makah nation before white men came to reduce their lands, diminished their way of life, and

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AP Government Review - Shaker Heights Schools

You know the feeling: you're hanging out somewhere, you look across the room, and suddenly your stomach drops. You start to sweat. Your heart starts pounding.

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Scholarship Essay Sample: 10 Sources for Great Sample

These sample SAT Essays can be used by students to study for the SAT Essay

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Kurt Vonnegut Diagrams the Shape of All Stories in a

Help with writing, editing, proofreading, and research of graduate level projects: dissertations, PhD and Masters theses.

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Smoking causing laryngeal cancer in large scale - Prothom Alo (English)

Prothom Alo (English)

Smoking causing laryngeal cancer in large scale
Prothom Alo (English)
Experts at a workshop here on Saturday said smoking is the number one cause of laryngeal cancer in the country. If smoking can be checked, the deadly disease will be largely reduced in Bangladesh, was the message delivered at the inaugural session of ...

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Diana hacker 2009 mla format

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Essay report dangers of marijuana

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Essay about medicaid insurance

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Performance enhancing drugs in the nfl

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When is it okay for baby to sleep on stomach

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Hidden Meanings in The Shining? - Gene Krupa

Lovitts dissertation definition

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Assignments | Studies in Poetry - British Poetry and the

LIT 2341: Literary Analysis Course Syllabus Time: Plum;” Hopkins: “Pied Beauty.” Th 9/13 Poetry, meter, and Essay 1 Final Draft Due via email as a .pdf

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Articles about College Life

Inspirational Quotes for College Students - When you need a pick-me-up read a quote, the motivational quotes for college students below can put us all in the mood to

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Welcome to the Purdue University Online Writing Lab (OWL)

The hardest part of writing a will is often finding the will to write it. After all, it's a document you hope won't be used for a long time. By writing it

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Research into the Health Benefits of Sprint Interval Training Should Focus on Protocols with Fewer and Shorter Sprints

Abstract

Over the past decade, it has been convincingly shown that regularly performing repeated brief supramaximal cycle sprints (sprint interval training [SIT]) is associated with aerobic adaptations and health benefits similar to or greater than with moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT). SIT is often promoted as a time-efficient exercise strategy, but the most commonly studied SIT protocol (4–6 repeated 30-s Wingate sprints with 4 min recovery, here referred to as 'classic' SIT) takes up to approximately 30 min per session. Combined with high associated perceived exertion, this makes classic SIT unsuitable as an alternative/adjunct to current exercise recommendations involving MICT. However, there are no indications that the design of the classic SIT protocol has been based on considerations regarding the lowest number or shortest duration of sprints to optimise time efficiency while retaining the associated health benefits. In recent years, studies have shown that novel SIT protocols with both fewer and shorter sprints are efficacious at improving important risk factors of noncommunicable diseases in sedentary individuals, and provide health benefits that are no worse than those associated with classic SIT. These shorter/easier protocols have the potential to remove many of the common barriers to exercise in the general population. Thus, based on the evidence summarised in this current opinion paper, we propose that there is a need for a fundamental change in focus in SIT research in order to move away from further characterising the classic SIT protocol and towards establishing acceptable and effective protocols that involve minimal sprint durations and repetitions.

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A Peutz–Jeghers syndrome family associated with sinonasal adenocarcinoma: 28 years follow up report

Abstract

Peutz–Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is a rare hereditary disorder characterized by hamartomatous polyps in both of the gastrointestinal tract and mucosal pigmentation. It could increase in risk of intestinal and extra-intestinal neoplasms. We here described three cases of sinonasal polyposis in a PJS family and two developed sinonasal type adenocarcinoma. Genetic study revealed a germline STK11/LKB1 mutation on codon 179 (c.C536G, p.P179R) of exon 4. LOH analysis of the LKB1 locus confirms this to be a deleterious mutation. Sinonasal polyposis with malignant transformation could be encountered in PJS patients. Regular follow-up was recommended for the risk of malignant changes in nasal polyps.

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Performance of Xanthate-Modified Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes on Adsorption of Lead Ions

Abstract

A novel adsorbent was prepared by introducing xanthate group onto pristine multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) for removing Pb (II) from aqueous solution. The structure and property of xanthate-modified MWCNT (MWCNT-X) were detected by the technologies of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET). The investigation of various parameters, such as initial metal concentration, pH, contact time, and temperature, was taken to illustrate the adsorption behaviors of Pb (II) on MWCNT-X. Based on experimental data, Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic provided a better correspondence to the adsorption process. The negative values of ΔG ^θ and ΔH ^θ indicated that the adsorption process is exothermic and spontaneous. Besides, the maximum uptake of MWCNT-X reached to 83.01 mg/g, which was much higher than that of pristine MWCNT and hydroxylated MWCNT (MWCNT-OH). Thus, the MWCNT-X can be potentially applied in heavy metal treatment.

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Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes of Apical Surgery: A Clinical Study

Abstract

Background

Endodontic treatment is usually indicated when teeth with periapical lesions are encountered. However, sometimes root canal treatment results in failure. In that case, one of the treatment choices is retreatment by an orthograde approach. Surgical endodontic therapy is also an alternative to preserve the tooth. Various techniques have been suggested in the literature which has more predictable results. The introduction of modern surgical techniques have enhanced the results of apical surgery procedures. Operating microscopes, magnifying loupes, microinstruments, ultrasonic tips, and biologically acceptable root-end filling materials (such as MTA and SuperEBA) have been introduced to this field with the modern technique, thus the success rates of modern apical surgery has increased significantly.

Objective

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes and periotest values of apical surgery treatment.

Methods

A total of 112 teeth were included. SuperEBA and MTA were used as root-filling materials. The recorded parameters were gender, age, location of the tooth, the presence/absence of a post, coronal restoration of the tooth, previous surgical/nonsurgical treatment of the tooth, the size of periapical lesions, histopathology of periapical lesions, smoking habits. Also the periotest values were recorded.

Results

The overall success rate was 88.4%. With regard to the evaluated variables, only one parameter (tooth type) was found statistically significant. Although the periotest values were decreased after 6 months compared to immediately postoperative measurements, the values were still significantly higher than preoperative measurements.

Conclusion

In this study, apical surgery performed with the modern instruments has significantly successful results with 88.4% success rate.

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Sir philip morton essay checker

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Margaret fuller essay contest scholarship

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Health | Yahoo Beauty

Regardless of the online comments or accidental forwards, why I don't wear makeup.

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Twitpic - Share photos and videos on Twitter

Astronomy. At Play in the Cosmos. Adam Frank . Astronomy: At Play in the Cosmos brings popular science writing to a textbook. In every chapter, author Adam Frank—a

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Essay Writing Service | Order research paper, dissertation

Custom Search Country Studies Index. Source: . Department of State

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Breitbart News Network

Investigative arm of Congress charged with the auditing and evaluation of Government programs and activities. Read reports on use of public funds and other topics, or

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SPJ Code of Ethics | Society of Professional Journalists

The SPJ Code of Ethics is a statement of abiding principles supported by explanations and position papers that address changing journalistic practices.

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How to Write a Five-Paragraph Essay

Review the five paragraph essay with Flocabulary's educational rap song and lesson plan.

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Inequality Game - Math Play

To solve an equation means to find a value for the variable that makes the equation true. Whatever you do to one side of the equation, you must also do to the other

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Causes of Civil War in Africa | Gavin Raymond

More information about Rwanda is available on the Rwanda Page and from other Department of State publications and other sources listed at the end of this fact sheet.

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Events at Pitt Public Health | University of Pittsburgh

PageInsider - Information about all domains

Free accomplishments papers, essays, and research papers. These results are sorted by most relevant first (ranked search). You may also sort these by color rating

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Legal Education & Research - The 'Lectric Law Library's

The Unique Conferences Canada and the International Center for Research & Development are proud to announce that the Second Asia-Pacific Conference on

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Avoid These Big College Application Mistakes | Best

Your application for admission; $40 nonrefundable application fee ($50 for international students) Official high school transcript Must be sent from the high school

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New and Used Books from Thrift Books | Buy Cheap Books Online

Favorite Paperbacks: Buy 2, Get the 3rd Free ; Top Picks for Teens ; Fill Your Basket with Easter Gifts ; Celebrate Passover ; Membership Gift Cards Stores & Events Help

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Essay Writing Service

Liquid Market Definition | Investopedia /terms/l/ In a liquid market, The opposite of a liquid market is called a thin market

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UC Essay Prompt 1: Leadership Experience | Essay Hell

Learn how to write about your leadership abilities for UC Essay Prompt 1 (aka Personal Insight Question 1): Make it specific, personal and engaging!

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College – SparkNotes

IWSA is a professional organization of women and men in the insurance industry and related support companies. Formed in March 1944, our purpose is to promote

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Knight Statues - Medieval Collectibles

Knight Statues The knights in this category are standing knight statues and figurines that are cast in resin with great attention to detail. These medieval knights

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B-CD8+ T Cell Interactions in the Anti-Idiotypic Response against a Self-Antibody

P3 is a murine, germline, IgM mAb that recognizes N-glycolylated gangliosides and other self-antigens. This antibody is able to induce an anti-idiotypic IgG response and B-T idiotypic cascade, even in the absence of any adjuvant or carrier protein. P3 mAb immunization induces the expression of activation markers in a significant percentage of B-1a cells in vivo. Interestingly, transfer of both B-1a and B-2 to BALB/Xid mice was required to recover anti-P3 IgG response in this model. In fact, P3 mAb activated B-2 cells, in vitro, inducing secretion of IFN-γ and IL-4, although this activation was not detected ex vivo. Interestingly, naïve CD8+ T cells increased the expression of activation markers and IFN-γ secretion in the presence of B-1a cells isolated from P3 mAb-immunized mice, even without in vitro restimulation. In contrast, B-2 cells were able to stimulate CD8+ T cells only if P3 was added in vitro. Using bioinformatics, a MHC class I-binding peptide from P3 VH region was identified. P3 mAb was able to induce a specific CTL response in vivo against cells presenting this peptide. Both humoral and CTL anti-idiotypic responses could be mechanisms to protect against the self-reactive antibody, contributing to keeping the tolerance to self-antigens.

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Transcriptional and Molecular Pathways Activated in Mesenteric Adipose Tissue and Intestinal Mucosa of Crohn’s Disease Patients

Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder, characterized by cytokine imbalance and transcription signaling pathways activation. In addition, the increase of mesenteric adipose tissue (MAT) near the affected intestinal area is a hallmark of CD. Therefore, we evaluated the transcription signaling pathways and cytokines expression in intestinal mucosa and MAT of active CD patients. Ten patients with ileocecal CD and eight with noninflammatory diseases were studied. The biopsies of intestinal mucosa and MAT were snap-frozen and protein expression was determined by immunoblotting. RNA levels were measured by qPCR. The pIkB/IkB ratio and TNFα level were significantly higher in intestinal mucosa of CD when compared to controls. However, STAT1 expression was similar between intestinal mucosa of CD and controls. Considering the MAT, the pIkB/IkB ratio was significantly lower and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL10 was significantly higher in CD when compared to controls. Finally, the protein content of pSTAT1 was higher in MAT of CD compared to controls. These findings reinforce the predominance of the proinflammatory NF-kB pathway in CD intestinal mucosa. For the first time, we showed the activation of STAT1 pathway in MAT of CD patients, which may help to understand the physiopathology of this immune mediated disease.

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Orbital T-Cell Lymphoma with Discrete Enlargements of All Extraocular Muscles Bilaterally in Patient with Moon Face Countenance

Purpose. To report our findings in a case of orbital T-cell lymphoma in which all of the extraocular muscles (EOMs) were bilaterally and discretely enlarged and the patient had a moon face countenance. Case. A 59-year-old woman presented with visual disturbances in her left eye, hyperemia in both eyes, and a moon face countenance. Examinations showed limited upward gaze in the right eye, blepharoptosis, hypertropia, and limited downward and rightward gaze in the left eye. Slit-lamp examination showed only chemosis and hyperemia of both eyes. Magnetic resonance imaging with contrast revealed discrete enlargements of the muscle bellies in all EOMs without abnormalities of the orbital fat in both eyes. Blood examinations excluded thyroid- and IgG4-related ophthalmopathy, and EOM biopsy revealed peripheral T-cell lymphoma. After beginning aggressive chemotherapy, the enlarged EOMs, limited eye motility, and moon face countenance improved. Unfortunately, the patient died of sepsis during the chemotherapy. Conclusions. A lymphoma should be included in the differential diagnosis of eyes with enlarged EOMs. Because lymphomas can lead to death, it is important for clinicians to consider lymphomas in eyes with enlarged EOMs.

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High Rate of Deformed Larvae among Gynogenetic Brown Trout (Salmo trutta m. fario) Doubled Haploids

Mitotic gynogenesis results in the production of fully homozygous individuals in a single generation. Since inbred fish were found to exhibit an increased frequency of body deformations that may affect their survival, the main focus of this research was to evaluate the ratio of individuals with spinal deformities among gynogenetic doubled haploids (DHs) brown trout as compared to nonmanipulated heterozygous individuals. Gynogenetic development was induced by the activation of brown trout eggs by UV-irradiated homologous and heterologous (rainbow trout) spermatozoa. The subsequent exposure of the activated eggs to the high hydrostatic pressure disturbed the first cleavage in gynogenetic zygotes and enabled duplication of the maternal haploid set of chromosomes. The survival rate was significantly higher among gynogenetic brown trout hatched from eggs activated with the homologous UV-irradiated spermatozoa when compared to DHs hatched from eggs activated by the heterologous spermatozoa. More than 35% of the gynogenetic larvae exhibited body deformities, mostly lordosis and scoliosis. The percentage of malformed brown trout from the control group did not exceed 15%. The increased number of deformed larvae among DHs brown trout suggested rather a genetic background of the disease related to the fish spine deformities; however, both genetic and environmental factors were discussed as a cause of such conditions in fish.

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Molecular Imaging to Predict Response to Targeted Therapies in Renal Cell Carcinoma

Molecular magnetic resonance imaging targeted to an endothelial integrin involved in neoangiogenesis was compared to DCE-US and immunochemistry to assess the early response of three different therapeutic agents in renal cell carcinoma. Human A498 renal cells carcinoma was subcutaneously inoculated into 24 nude mice. Mice received either phosphate-buffered saline solution, sunitinib, everolimus, or bevacizumab during 4 days. DCE-US and molecular MRI targeting αvβ3 were performed at baseline and 4 days after treatment initiation. PI, AUC, relaxation rate variations , and percentage of vessels area quantified on CD31-stained microvessels were compared. Significant decreases were observed for PI and AUC parameters measured by DCE-US for bevacizumab group as early as 4 days, whereas molecular αvβ3-targeted MRI was able to detect significant changes in both bevacizumab and everolimus groups. Percentage of CD31-stained microvessels was significantly correlated with DCE-US parameters, PI (, ) and AUC (, ). The percentage of vessel tissue area was significantly reduced () in both sunitinib and bevacizumab groups. We report an early detection of neoangiogenesis modification after induction of targeted therapies, using DCE-US or αvβ3-targeted MRI. We consider these outcomes should encourage clinical trial developments to further evaluate the potential of this molecular MRI technique.

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Consensus Conditions for High-Order Multiagent Systems with Nonuniform Delays

Consensus of first-order and second-order multiagent systems has been wildly studied. However, the convergence of high-order (especially the third-order to the sixth-order) state variables is also ubiquitous in various fields. The paper handles consensus problems of high-order multiagent systems in the presence of multiple time delays. Obtained by a novel frequency domain approach which properly resolves the challenges associated with nonuniform time delays, the consensus conditions for the first-order and second-order systems are proven to be nonconservative, and those for the third-order to the sixth-order systems are provided in the form of simple inequalities. The method revealed in this article is applicable to arbitrary-order systems, and the results are less conservative than those based on Lyapunov approaches, because it roots in sufficient and necessary criteria of stabilities. Simulations are carried out to validate the theoretical results.

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Viability of Airborne Tumor Cells during Excision by Ultrasonic Device

Background. Laparoscopic surgery has become more widely used, but peritoneal dissemination and port-site metastasis have been reported to occur in these surgeries. One reason for these problems is the ultrasonically activated scalpel (UAS) used for laparoscopic surgery. This study aimed to investigate the viability of airborne cells released during cancer dissection using a UAS. Methods. Flank tumors measuring about 2 cm were induced in male NOD-Cg-RagIL2r mice by subcutaneous injection of 1 × 106 HepG2 cells. Dissection was performed with UAS (in high or low power modes) and PowerStar bipolar scissors. The mist of released tissue was collected in cell culture medium. The viability of the cellular material was assessed with trypan blue exclusion cell counting, counting after immunofluorescence staining, and flow cytometric analysis. Results. Large quantities of cellular debris were trapped in the tissue dispersed by both devices. In all experiments, there were significantly more viable cells produced by the UAS in high power mode. By using suction at the excision site, the number of viable cancer cells was reduced. Conclusions. This study demonstrates that viable cancer cells can be released into the nearby environment during tumor ablation with a UAS.

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An Improved Clutter Suppression Method for Weather Radars Using Multiple Pulse Repetition Time Technique

This paper describes the implementation of an improved clutter suppression method for the multiple pulse repetition time (PRT) technique based on simulated radar data. The suppression method is constructed using maximum likelihood methodology in time domain and is called parametric time domain method (PTDM). The procedure relies on the assumption that precipitation and clutter signal spectra follow a Gaussian functional form. The multiple interleaved pulse repetition frequencies (PRFs) that are used in this work are set to four PRFs (952, 833, 667, and 513 Hz). Based on radar simulation, it is shown that the new method can provide accurate retrieval of Doppler velocity even in the case of strong clutter contamination. The obtained velocity is nearly unbiased for all the range of Nyquist velocity interval. Also, the performance of the method is illustrated on simulated radar data for plan position indicator (PPI) scan. Compared with staggered 2-PRT transmission schemes with PTDM, the proposed method presents better estimation accuracy under certain clutter situations.

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The Effect of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy on Ground Reaction Forces during Straight Walking in Stroke Survivors

Purpose. The aim of this present study was to investigate the ground reaction forces (GRFs) alterations in stroke survivors with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Methods. Ten stroke survivors with DPN, 10 stroke survivors without DPN, and 10 healthy controls with matched body weight between groups participated in this case-control cross-sectional study. Three-dimensional GRFs (anterior-posterior, medial-lateral, and vertical) were collected at a comfortable walking speed using the Nexus Vicon motion analysis system and force plate. The Kruskal–Wallis test was used to analyze GRFs parameters. Results. We found significant alterations of medial-lateral forces of the nonparetic side and vertical forces of the paretic side in stroke survivors with DPN compared to stroke survivors without DPN and healthy controls. In addition, there were smaller braking and lower propulsion peak in anterior-posterior forces, smaller magnitude of medial-lateral forces, and lower first and second peak of vertical forces in stroke survivors with DPN compared to stroke survivors without DPN and healthy controls. Conclusion. The study findings identified that GRFs were affected in stroke survivors with DPN on both the paretic and the nonparetic sides. Further investigations are warranted to explore the impact of DPN on the kinematics and muscle activity related to the gait performance in stroke survivors with DPN.

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Spatial-Temporal Instability of an Inviscid Shear Layer

In this work, we explore the transition of absolute instability and convective instability in a compressible inviscid shear layer, through a linear spatial-temporal instability analysis. From linearized governing equations of the shear layer and the ideal-gas equation of state, the dispersion relation for the pressure perturbation was obtained. The eigenvalue problem for the evolution of two-dimensional perturbation was solved by means of shooting method. The zero group velocity is obtained by a saddle point method. The absolute/convective instability characteristics of the flow are determined by the temporal growth rate at the saddle point. The absolute/convective nature of the flow instability has strong dependence on the values of the temperature ratio, the velocity ratio, the oblique angle, and number. A parametric study indicates that, for a great value of velocity ratio, the inviscid shear layer can transit to absolute instability. The increase of temperature ratio decreases the absolute growth rate when the temperature ratio is large; the effect of temperature ratio is opposite when the temperature ratio is relatively small. The obliquity of the perturbations would cause the increase of the absolute growth rate. The effect of number is different when the oblique angle is great and small. Besides, the absolute instability boundary is found in the velocity ratio, temperature ratio, and number space.

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Friedreich Ataxia: current status and future prospects

Abstract

Friedreich ataxia (FA) represents the most frequent type of inherited ataxia. Most patients carry homozygous GAA expansions in the first intron of the frataxin gene on chromosome 9. Due to epigenetic alterations, frataxin expression is significantly reduced. Frataxin is a mitochondrial protein. Its deficiency leads to mitochondrial iron overload, defective energy supply and generation of reactive oxygen species. This review gives an overview over clinical and genetic aspects of FA and discusses current concepts of frataxin biogenesis and function as well as new therapeutic strategies.

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Mapping mitochondrial heteroplasmy in a Leydig tumor by laser capture micro-dissection and cycling temperature capillary electrophoresis

Abstract

Background

The growth of tumor cells is accompanied by mutations in nuclear and mitochondrial genomes creating marked genetic heterogeneity. Tumors also contain non-tumor cells of various origins. An observed somatic mitochondrial mutation would have occurred in a founding cell and spread through cell division. Micro-anatomical dissection of a tumor coupled with assays for mitochondrial point mutations permits new insights into this growth process. More generally, the ability to detect and trace, at a histological level, somatic mitochondrial mutations in human tissues and tumors, makes these mutations into markers for lineage tracing.

Method

A tumor was first sampled by a large punch biopsy and scanned for any significant degree of heteroplasmy in a set of sequences containing known mutational hotspots of the mitochondrial genome. A heteroplasmic tumor was sliced at a 12 μm thickness and placed on membranes. Laser capture micro-dissection was used to take 25000 μm² subsamples or spots. After DNA amplification, cycling temperature capillary electrophoresis (CTCE) was used on the laser captured samples to quantify mitochondrial mutant fractions.

Results

Of six testicular tumors studied, one, a Leydig tumor, was discovered to carry a detectable degree of heteroplasmy for two separate point mutations: a C → T mutation at bp 64 and a T → C mutation found at bp 152. From this tumor, 381 spots were sampled with laser capture micro-dissection. The ordered distribution of spots exhibited a wide range of fractions of the mutant sequences from 0 to 100% mutant copies. The two mutations co-distributed in the growing tumor indicating they were present on the same genome copies in the founding cell.

Conclusion

Laser capture microdissection of sliced tumor samples coupled with CTCE-based point mutation assays provides an effective and practical means to obtain maps of mitochondrial mutational heteroplasmy within human tumors.

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Utilizing BD MAX™ Enteric Bacterial Panel to Detect Stool Pathogens from Rectal Swabs

Abstract

Background

The BD MAX™ Enteric Bacterial Panel (BDM-EBP) is designed and FDA-cleared to detect Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter, and Shiga toxin genes stx1/2 from stool samples. However, rectal swabs, which are not FDA-cleared for clinical testing with the BDM-EBP, are common specimens received from pediatric patients for enteric pathogen testing. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of the BDM-EBP to detect stool pathogens from rectal swabs.

Methods

Routine cultures, Shiga toxin testing, and molecular testing with BDM-EBP were performed on 272 sequential rectal swabs collected from August 2015 to December 2015. Discrepant test results were resolved using Verigene® Enteric Pathogens Nucleic Acid Test (EP). 36 challenge samples (13 Salmonella spp., 3 Shigella spp., 10 Campylobacter spp., and 10 Shiga toxin positive Escherichia coli) were tested using reference strains (American Type Culture Collection) and previous patient isolates diluted to10³-10⁴ cfu/ml in saline then added to Sample Buffer Tube (SBT) with negative stool matrix delivered via a swab. Limit of detection testing was performed by serial 10 fold dilutions in saline then added to SBT with negative stool matrix provided via a swab.

Results

A total of 272 rectal swab specimens were evaluated and 89 were positive by culture and/or MAX EBP. All discrepant results were BDM-EBP positive and culture negative. 21 of 31 (68%) of the apparent false positive BDM-EBP discrepant results resolved as positive with Nanosphere's Verigene® EP. After resolution of the discordant results, the Positive Percent Agreement (PPA) and Negative Percent Agreement (NPA) are as follows for each target: Salmonella (n = 4) 100%, PPA and 100%, NPA; Shigella (n = 79) 100%, PPA and 95.3%, NPA; Campylobacter (n = 4) 100%, PPA and 99.6%, NPA; and Shiga toxin producing organisms (n = 2) 100%, PPA and 100%, NPA. 8.8% of the patient samples did not initially yield a result on the BDM-System. Upon repeat, half of the problematic samples resolved, and 4.4% of the total specimen tested did not yield a result. All organisms in the challenge samples were detected. Limits of detection for BDM-EBP testing of rectal swabs were as follows (in cfu/ml in SBT): Salmonella-1.44 × 10²; Shigella-5.10 × 10⁰; Campylobacter-1.51 × 10¹; and Shiga Toxin-1.13 ×10³.

Conclusion

Rectal swabs are acceptable samples for detecting Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter, and Shiga toxin using BDM-EBP.

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Bone pathologic fracture revealing an unusual association: coexistence of Langerhans cell histiocytosis with Rosai-Dorfman disease

Abstract

Background

The coexistence of Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) with Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is very rare, as to date only 17 cases have been reported in the english literature. The pathophysiology of this uncommon co-occurrence still remains enigmatic and a subject of various speculations.

Case presentation

We report a case of a 30-year-old female patient who presented with a pathologic fracture of the left proximal femur. Her medical history was unremarkable, there were no fever, skin lesions, lymphadenopathy or other organomegaly at physical examination. X-ray radiograph of the fractured femur showed an isolated and ill-defined osteolytic lesion. The histopathological analysis of biopsies from this lesion were consistent with a combined RDD-LCH of the bone.

Conclusion

Combined RDD-LCH is a very rare phenomenon, whose pathophysiology still remains unclear and a subject of various speculations.

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-Best Essay Writing Service. Urgent & Cheap

Order essay online at the our writing service to forget about college stress and struggle. Free plagiarism checker and revisions included.

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Hidden Meanings in The Shining? - Gene Krupa

Works cited in the Shmoop guide to F. Scott Fitzgerald. A bibliography of works cited.

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Eurasc - New Members

MD Theses. Name. Title . Year . Dr Viswesvaran B (Pulmonary Medicine) A study of clinico-pathological profile of patients with lung cancer (2014-16) 2016

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Irony - TV Tropes

How “Heart-Healthy Whole Grains” Make Us Fat

Living a healthy lifestyle essay - Instead of wasting time in inefficient attempts, get qualified assistance here modify the way you fulfill your homework with our

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Ancient Rome Exclusive Videos & Features

Mary Pilon of the New York Post went biblical, or at least ancient Roman, in prophesizing how she believes the demise of the NFL might come about.

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LibGuides: Citation Styles: APA, MLA, Chicago, Turabian

Monitor on Psychology. Helping troubled inmates. Psychologists lead efforts to improve health of seriously ill, violent offenders. The men America left behind

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ASample Campground Business Plan Template

offers the finest and most effective complete 25 page custom lender-ready professional business plan or business plans for either $ when

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Free Essay Examples and Research Papers | StudyMode

Welcome to Free College Essays. Here at Free College Essays we are dedicated to helping students with all of their free essay needs. To gain access to our database of

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How to Write an Essay Using the DRAPES Method: 4 Steps

Sample essay. The remainder of this essay writing tutorial is based on a short sample 'divorce essay' (about 1,000 words). To complete all of the associated tasks, it

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Chapter 3: Literature Review: Performance /Employees

Nastaran Mohammadhossein, Hidayati Zakaria / International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622

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Composition Patterns: Narrative and Descriptive

Free narrative papers, essays, and research papers. These results are sorted by most relevant first (ranked search). You may also sort these by color rating or

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MOOCs

Taking up essay-writing assignments is not going to help in a writing career. Many writers take such assignments (and others you have mentioned) just to get into writing.

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Parenting and Child Health - Health Topics - Being a parent

A monthly online magazine which addresses the areas of pediatrics, child-care, and issues relevant to today's parents.

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Virgil's Plate | The Best Pizza in Erie

Most Common Text: Click on the icon to return to and to enjoy and benefit . the of and to a in that is was he for it with as his on be at by i this had

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Practice in Changing Verbs From Passive to Active Voice

Online Exercises and Downloadable Worksheets. Home; Online Exercises; Grammar; Passive Voice; Passive Voice . Levels of Difficulty: Elementary Intermediate Advanced

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Narrative essay writing help, ideas, topics, examples

Tony Hawk has turned what many consider a childhood activity into a professional career. Now for Hawk, skateboarding is not only a job, it’s a means of expression

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Edgar Allan Poe - Biography and Works. Search Texts, Read

Get an answer for 'Are there any similes and/or metaphors in The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe?' and find homework help for other The Raven questions at eNotes

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Modernism in Virginia Woolf Modern Fiction & A room for

The Modern Essay Michel de Montaigne is considered by most commentators to be the first essayist, introducing the form in 1580 when he published Essais, a collection

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Microsoft Research – Emerging Technology, Computer, and

Please use the example at the bottom of this page to cite the Purdue OWL in APA. To see a side-by-side comparison of the three most widely used citation styles

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An Indurated Plaque in a Toddler.

No abstract available

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An Indurated Plaque in a Toddler.

No abstract available

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Myxoid Spitz Nevi: Report of 6 Cases.

Mucin deposition in Spitz nevus seems to be a very rare phenomenon, as there have only been 3 cases previously published. We report 6 additional cases, half of them in women, and half in men. The ages of the patients varied from 5 to 47 years (mean = 30.17). Sizes of the nevi varied from 3 to 6 mm. Four lesions were located on the extremities, whereas one was located on the trunk (there was no clinical information about the other). A vascular lesion was suspected in 2 cases. Excision with clear margins was achieved in all cases but one. So far, there have been no recurrences after follow-ups varying from 1 to 5 years. The biopsy showed a symmetrical melanocytic Spitz nevus in all cases. Three cases were compound, and 3 cases were junctional nevi. The epidermis was either acanthotic or hyperplastic in all cases, with no epidermal consumption. Kamino bodies were found in 4 cases. The deposit of mucin was moderate in 5 cases and mild in one case. Mucin was found in the stroma between the dermal melanocytes in cases of compound nevi and in the melanocytic nests of the junctional component. Copyright (C) 2017 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Sox10 and DOG1 Expression in Primary Adnexal Tumors of the Skin.

Primary skin adnexal tumors can be challenging to classify and must be discerned from cutaneous adenocarcinoma metastases from various sites. We evaluated expression of Sox10 and DOG1 in normal cutaneous adnexa and in 194 primary skin adnexal tumors, and compared their performance in discriminating primary skin adnexal tumors from cutaneous metastatic adenocarcinomas with that of p40 and p63. In normal skin adnexa, we noted Sox10 expression in both the secretory and myoepithelial cells in eccrine glands, but only in myoepithelial cells in apocrine glands. DOG1 demonstrated canalicular expression in eccrine glands, and weak expression in myoepithelial cells of apocrine glands, germinative cells of sebaceous glands, and outer root sheath of follicular infundibulum. Sox10 was expressed in 100% of cylindromas and spiradenomas, and in variable frequency in other benign and malignant tumors of sweat glands. DOG1 was positive in most cylindromas (87.5%), in only 10.5% of spiradenomas, and was variably expressed in other benign and malignant tumors of sweat glands. All syringomas (n = 20) were negative for Sox10 and DOG1. One out of the 33 follicular neoplasms was positive for Sox10 and DOG1 (3%). All sebaceous neoplasms were negative for Sox10, and 28.1% of them were positive for DOG1. Sox10 was specific (91.9%) but not sensitive (28.4%) for primary skin origin, and was far less accurate (38.5%) than p63 or p40 (95.5% accuracy). Combining Sox10 with p63 or p40 showed only very minimal gain in accuracy (96%). DOG1 expression in tumors showed low sensitivity and specificity for skin adnexal origin. Copyright (C) 2017 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Smoker who lost half his tongue to cancer reveals he STILL has five ... - Mirror.co.uk

Mirror.co.uk

Smoker who lost half his tongue to cancer reveals he STILL has five ...
Mirror.co.uk
A smoker who lost half his tongue to mouth and throat cancer has revealed that he STILL smokes five cigarettes a day. Ex- soldier James Upfield, 46, died ...
Notts smoker still smokes 5 a day after losing his tongue | Daily Mail ...Daily Mail

all 2 news articles »

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A pilot study of salivary N-glycome in HBV-induced chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma

Abstract

Hepatitis B is a potentially life-threatening liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV), which can lead to chronic liver disease and put people at high risk of death from cirrhosis of the liver and liver cancer. However, little is known about the correlation of salivary N-linked glycans related to HBV-infected liver diseases. Here we investigated N-linked glycome in saliva from 200 subjects (50 healthy volunteers (HV), 40 HBV-infected patients (HB), 50 cirrhosis patients (HC), and 60 hepatocellular carcinoma patients (HCC) using MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS. Representative MS spectra of N-glycans with signal-to-noise ratios >6 were annotated using the GlycoWorkbench program. A total of 40, 47, 29, and 33 N-glycan peaks were identified and annotated from HV, HB, HC, and HCC groups, respectively. There were 15 N-glycan peaks (e.g., m/z 1647.587, 1688.613 and 2101.755) were present in all groups. Three N-glycan peaks (m/z 2596.925, 2756.962, and 2921.031) were unique in HV group, 2 N-glycan peaks (m/z 1898.676 and 1971.692) were unique in HB group, 5 N-glycan peaks (m/z 1954.677, 2507.914, 2580.930, 2637.952, and 3092.120) were unique in HC group, and 3 N-glycan peaks (m/z 2240.830, 2507.914, and 3931.338) were unique in HCC group. The proportion of fucosylated N-glycans was apparently increased in the HCC group (84.8%) than in any other group (73.1% ± 0.01), however, the proportion of sialylated N-glycans was decreased in HCC group (12.1%) than in any other group (17.23% ± 0.003). Our data provide pivotal information to distinguish between HBV-associated hepatitis, cirrhosis and HCC, and facilitate the discovery of biomarkers for HCC during its early stages based on precise alterations of N-linked glycans in saliva.

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Chas & Dave: Music duo announce comeback gig after Chas Hodges' cancer battle - Express.co.uk

Express.co.uk

Chas & Dave: Music duo announce comeback gig after Chas Hodges' cancer battle
Express.co.uk
Vaginal cancer - Only 1% of female cancers of the reproductive system start in the · Salivary Gland cancer - Fewer than one in 100,000 people develop cancer in the salivary gland · Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma - This fast spreading cancer of the ...

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Comparison of ensemble learning methods for creating ensembles of dispatching rules for the unrelated machines environment

Abstract

Dispatching rules are often the method of choice for solving various scheduling problems, especially since they are applicable in dynamic scheduling environments. Unfortunately, dispatching rules are hard to design and are also unable to deliver results which are of equal quality as results achieved by different metaheuristic methods. As a consequence, genetic programming is commonly used in order to automatically design dispatching rules. Furthermore, a great amount of research with different genetic programming methods is done to increase the performance of the generated dispatching rules. In order to additionally improve the effectiveness of the evolved dispatching rules, in this paper the use of several different ensemble learning algorithms is proposed to create ensembles of dispatching rules for the dynamic scheduling problem in the unrelated machines environment. Four different ensemble learning approaches will be considered, which will be used in order to create ensembles of dispatching rules: simple ensemble combination (proposed in this paper), BagGP, BoostGP and cooperative coevolution. Additionally, the effectiveness of these algorithms is analysed based on some ensemble learning parameters. Finally, an additional search method, which finds the optimal combinations of dispatching rules to form the ensembles, is proposed and applied. The obtained results show that by using the aforementioned ensemble learning approaches it is possible to significantly increase the performance of the generated dispatching rules.

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Low plasma concentration of gefitinib in patients with EGFR exon 21 L858R point mutations shortens progression-free survival

Abstract

Purpose

The relationship between the pharmacokinetics and effects of gefitinib in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is unknown. In this study, we examined the correlation between gefitinib plasma concentration and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with two common types of EGFR mutations: a deletion in exon 19 and point mutations in exon 21 L858R.

Methods

The retrospective analysis examined 40 patients who were administered 250 mg of gefitinib daily. All patients were diagnosed with and treated for advanced non-small cell lung carcinoma with sensitive EGFR mutations between January 2011 and November 2013 at Akita University Hospital, Akita, Japan. The 40 patients were divided into four groups by trough plasma concentration (high or low) and mutation type (exon 19 deletions or exon 21 L858R point mutations). PFS, response rate, and toxic effects were analyzed in all four groups.

Results

After excluding 5 patients, the remaining 35 were successfully analyzed. For the patients with exon 19 deletions, there was no significant difference in PFS between the high and low plasma concentration groups (median survival: 12.0 vs. 17.0 months, P = 0.9548). In contrast, the PFS was significantly shorter for patients with exon 21 point mutations and low vs. high concentrations of gefitinib (median survival: 8.0 vs. 16.0 months, P < 0.05).

Conclusions

The results suggest that low gefitinib plasma concentrations in patients with exon 21 L858R point mutations may be associated with shorter PFS in NSCLC patients.

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Comparison between hypersensitivity reactions to cycles of modified FOLFOX6 and XELOX therapies in patients with colorectal cancer

Abstract

Purpose

Although hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) to oxaliplatin (L-OHP) therapy are well-documented, few reports have compared different therapies in terms of HSR occurrence. In this study, we compared the frequency and pattern of HSRs to modified FOLFOX6 (mFOLFOX6; 5-fluorouracil, levofolinate calcium and L-OHP infusions) and XELOX (capecitabine and L-OHP) therapies, and sought to identify risk factors associated with HSRs.

Methods

Patients who had received mFOLFOX6 or XELOX chemotherapeutic regimens for unresectable colon or rectal cancer or as adjuvant chemotherapy following colon cancer surgery between April 2012 and August 2015 were included. Potential correlation between treatment modalities (regimen, dosage and route of administration of L-OHP, and injection timing for dexamethasone administration) and HSRs was assessed.

Results

Among the 240 patients included in the study, 136 had received mFOLFOX6 therapy and 104 had received XELOX therapy. Although the frequency of HSRs did not differ between the two groups, incidence of HSRs in the first cycle was higher in the XELOX therapy group. Treatment method or cumulative dosage was not identified as a risk factor for HSR; however, the incidence of ≥grade-2 HSR was higher in cases where the cumulative L-OHP dosage was ≥600 mg/m² and in patients in whom dexamethasone was not co-infused with L-OHP.

Conclusion

Although HSR rates were comparable among patients treated with mFOLFOX6 and XELOX, HSRs tended to occur more frequently during the first cycle of XELOX therapy as compared to that with mFOLFOX6 therapy. Our findings warrant careful assessment of ≥grade-2 HSRs in patients who are prescribed cumulative L-OHP dosages of ≥600 mg/m².

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Perfluoroalkyl substances with isomer analysis in umbilical cord serum in China

Abstract

Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a class of widely used chemicals that have been detected in the environment and general population. However, the isomer patterns in human are poorly characterized. Previous studies observed the isomer-specific maternal-fetal transfer of PFASs in human. In our current study, we first examined the profile of PFASs and isomers, including 17 linear PFASs and 10 branched PFOS/PFOA isomers by using isotopic internal standards in umbilical cord serum samples from Guangzhou, China. We collected a total of 321 of cord blood serum samples from July to October in 2013, and analyzed the PFASs concentration with isomer-specific PFASs analysis method. The results showed that 9 out of 17 PFASs (linear PFASs) were detected (>50% detection rate). Perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS, median 3.87 ng/mL) was the predominant, followed by total PFOS (median 2.99 ng/mL) and total PFOA (median 1.23 ng/mL) in cord serum. In addition, 1m-, iso-, ∑3+4+5m-PFOS and iso-PFOA were the branched PFASs detected in the current study. The proportion of linear PFOS (n-PFOS) was 75.16% of ∑PFOS which was similar to the proportion of electrochemical fluorination that produces ca. 70% linear PFOS and 30% branched. On the contrary, linear PFOA (n-PFOA) accounted for 98.69% ∑PFOA in cord serum samples. Our finding indicates distinct PFASs and PFOS/PFOA isomer profile in cord serum, suggesting there might be a different exposure pathway and metabolism of PFASs.

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Osmopriming with CaCl 2 improves wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) production under water-limited environments

Abstract

This 2-year field study investigates the potential of seed priming to mitigate losses caused by drought stress at different phenophases of wheat. Wheat seeds were soaked either in distilled water or in aerated solution of CaCl₂ (ψs −1.25 MPa) for 18 h to accomplish hydropriming and osmopriming, respectively. The soil moisture was maintained at 90–100% field capacity (well-watered) or 45–50% field capacity at vegetative (vegetative drought) and reproductive (terminal drought) phases. Allometric traits leaf area index, leaf area duration, and crop growth rate were initially more affected by vegetative drought; however, terminal drought was more severe at later stages. Drought at both phenophases, especially terminal drought, impaired the entire yield-related traits of wheat; however, osmopriming compensated the drought-induced losses up to a certain extent. Osmopriming improved the wheat grain yield, economic benefits, and allometric traits under vegetative and terminal drought as well as well-watered conditions. It is recommended that the physiological, biochemical, and genetic mechanisms of osmopriming must be explored to find more valuable insights for improving wheat productivity.

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Resilience potential of an Indian Ocean reef: an assessment through coral recruitment pattern and survivability of juvenile corals to recurrent stress events

Abstract

Coral reefs are degraded by the synergistic action of climate and anthropogenic stressors. Coral cover in the Palk Bay reef at the northern Indian Ocean largely declined in the past decade due to frequent bleaching events, tsunami and increased fishing activities. In this study, we carried out a comparative assessment to assess the differences in the recovery and resilience of three spatially distant reefs viz. Vedhalai, Mandapam and Pamban along Palk Bay affected by moderate, severe and low fishing pressure respectively. The assessment was based on the juvenile coral recruitment pattern and its survivability combined with availability of hard substratum, live coral cover and herbivore reef fish stock. The Vedhalai reef has the highest coral cover (14.6 ± 6.3%), and ≥90% of the live corals in Vedhalai and Mandapam were affected by turf algal overgrowth. The density of herbivore reef fish was low in Vedhalai and Mandapam reefs compared to the Pamban reef with relatively few grazing species. The juvenile coral diversity and density were high in the Pamban reef and low in Vedhalai and Mandapam reefs despite high hard substratum cover. In total, 22 species of juvenile corals of 10 genera were recorded in Palk Bay. Comparison of the species diversity of juvenile corals with adult ones suggested that the Pamban reef is connected with other distant reefs whereas Vedhalai and Mandapam reefs were self-seeded. There was no statistically significant difference in the survivability of juvenile corals between the study sites, and in total, ≥90% of the juvenile corals survived the high sedimentation stress triggered by the northeast monsoon and bleaching stress that occurred recurrently. Our results indicated that the human activities indirectly affected the juvenile coral recruitment by degrading the live coral cover and contributed to the spatial variation in the recovery and resilience of the Palk Bay reef. Low species diversity of the juvenile corals will increase the vulnerability of the Palk Bay reef to species-specific endemic threats.

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Processed milk waste recycling via thermal pretreatment and lactic acid bacteria fermentation

Abstract

Processed milk waste (MW) presents a serious problem within the dairy industries due to its high polluting load. Its chemical oxygen demand (COD) can reach values as high as 80,000 mg O₂ L⁻¹. This study proposes to reduce the organic load of those wastes using thermal coagulation and recover residual valuable components via fermentation. Thermal process results showed that the COD removal rates exceeded 40% when samples were treated at temperature above 60 °C to reach 72% at 100 °C. Clarified supernatants resulting from thermal treatment of the samples at the temperatures of 60 (MW₆₀), 80 (MW₈₀), and 100 °C (MW₁₀₀) were fermented using lactic acid bacteria strains without pH control. Lactic strains recorded important final cell yields (5–7 g L⁻¹). Growth mediums prepared using the thermally treated MW produced 73% of the bacterial biomass recorded with a conventional culture medium. At the end of fermentation, mediums were found exhausted from several valuable components. Industrial scale implementation of the proposed process for the recycling of industrial MWs is described and discussed.

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Effect of nutrients on Chlorella pyrenoidosa for treatment of phenolic effluent of coal gasification plant

Abstract

The ability of Chlorella pyrenoidosa, a freshwater microalga, to degrade phenolic effluent of coal-based producer gas plant under ambient conditions was investigated. C. pyrenoidosa was able to grow in high-strength phenolic effluent. Major contaminant present in the effluent was phenol (C₆H₅OH). The effluent has 1475.3 ± 68 mg/L of initial total phenolic concentration. The effect of nutrients used for algal cultivation in phenol degradation was analyzed by inoculating four different concentrations, viz.,1, 2, 3, and 4 g of wet biomass/L of raw effluent of C. pyrenoidosa mixed with effluent into two batches (with and without nutrients). C. pyrenoidosa was able to degrade more than 95% of the phenol (C₆H₅OH) concentration with the algal concentrations of 3 and 4 g/L when supplemented with nutrients. With effluent devoid of nutrients, the average percent reduction in total phenolic compounds was observed to a maximum of 46%. No physical changes in the C. pyrenoidosa were observed during degradation. C. pyrenoidosa was able to consume the organic carbon present in the phenolic compounds as carbon source for its growth despite the inorganic carbon supplemented externally.

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Korean Ministry of Environment’s web-based visual consumer product exposure and risk assessment system (COPER)

Abstract

With support from the Korean Ministry of the Environment (ME), our interdisciplinary research staff developed the COnsumer Product Exposure and Risk assessment system (COPER). This system includes various databases and features that enable the calculation of exposure and determination of risk caused by consumer products use. COPER is divided into three tiers: the integrated database layer (IDL), the domain specific service layer (DSSL), and the exposure and risk assessment layer (ERAL). IDL is organized by the form of the raw data (mostly non-aggregated data) and includes four sub-databases: a toxicity profile, an inventory of Korean consumer products, the weight fractions of chemical substances in the consumer products determined by chemical analysis and national representative exposure factors. DSSL provides web-based information services corresponding to each database within IDL. Finally, ERAL enables risk assessors to perform various exposure and risk assessments, including exposure scenario design via either inhalation or dermal contact by using or organizing each database in an intuitive manner. This paper outlines the overall architecture of the system and highlights some of the unique features of COPER based on visual and dynamic rendering engine for exposure assessment model on web.

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Toxicological assessment of tungsten oxide nanoparticles in rats after acute oral exposure

Abstract

Advances in and the rapid growth of the nanotechnology sector have escalated manufacture of nanoparticles (NPs), resulting in a significant increase in the probability of exposure of humans and wildlife to these materials. Many NPs have been found to exert genotoxicity. Therefore, genotoxicity studies are mandatory to assess the toxicity of NPs as a concern of succumbing to genetic diseases and cancers are universal. Tungsten oxide (WO₃) NPs are being explored extensively in various fields. However, the toxicological data of WO₃ NPs by oral route in mammals is limited. Hence, the goal of the current investigation was to evaluate the acute toxicity of WO₃ NPs and microparticles (MPs) after single oral administration with 100, 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight doses in female Wistar rats. TEM, dynamic light scattering and laser Doppler velocimetry techniques were used to characterise the particles. The genotoxicity studies were conducted using comet, micronucleus and chromosomal aberration assays. Alterations in biochemical indices and metal distribution in various organs were also evaluated. The mean size of WO₃ NPs and MPs by TEM was 53.2 ± 1.91 nm and 5.17 ± 3.18 μm, respectively. The results revealed a significant increase in DNA damage and micronuclei and chromosomal aberrations after exposure to 1000 mg/kg dose of WO₃ NPs. Significant alterations in aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, reduced glutathione, catalase and malondialdehyde levels in serum and liver were found only at the higher dose of WO₃ NPs. Tungsten (W) biodistribution was observed in all the tissues in a dose-, time- and organ-dependent manner. In addition, the maximum concentration of W was found in the liver and the least in the brain was observed. The test substances were found to have a relatively low acute toxicity hazard. The data obtained gives preliminary information on the potential toxicity of WO₃ NPs and MPs.

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Distinct gamma oscillations in the distal dendritic fields of the dentate gyrus and the CA1 area of mouse hippocampus

Abstract

The molecular layer of the dentate gyrus and the anatomically adjacent stratum lacunosum-moleculare of CA1 area, represent afferent areas at distinct levels of the hippocampal trisynaptic loop. Afferents to the dentate gyrus and CA1 area originate from different cell populations, including projection cells in entorhinal cortex layers two and three, respectively. To determine the organization of oscillatory activities along these terminal fields, we recorded local field potentials from multiple sites in the dentate gyrus and CA1 area of the awake mice, and localized gamma frequency (30–150 Hz) oscillations in different layers by means of current source density analysis. During theta oscillations, we observed different temporal and spectral organization of gamma oscillations in the dendritic layers of the dentate gyrus and CA1 area, with a sharp transition across the hippocampal fissure. In CA1 stratum lacunosum-moleculare, transient mid-frequency gamma oscillations (CA1-gamma_M; 80 Hz) occurred on theta cycle peaks, while in the dentate gyrus, fast (DG-gamma_F; 110 Hz), and slow (DG-gamma_S; 40 Hz) gamma oscillations preferentially occurred on troughs of theta waves. Units in dentate gyrus, in contrast to units in CA1 pyramidal layer, phase-coupled to DG-gamma_F, which was largely independent from CA1 fast gamma oscillations (CA1-gamma_F) of similar frequency and timing. Spike timing of units recorded in either CA1 area or dentate gyrus were modulated by CA1-gamma_M. Our experiments disclosed a set of gamma oscillations that differentially regulate neuronal activity in the dentate gyrus and CA1 area, and may allow flexible segregation and integration of information across different levels of hippocampal circuitry.

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Generating pulsatility by pump speed modulation with continuous-flow total artificial heart in awake calves

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of sinusoidal pump speed modulation of the Cleveland Clinic continuous-flow total artificial heart (CFTAH) on hemodynamics and pump flow in an awake chronic calf model. The sinusoidal pump speed modulations, performed on the day of elective sacrifice, were set at ±15 and ± 25% of mean pump speed at 80 bpm in four awake calves with a CFTAH. The systemic and pulmonary arterial pulse pressures increased to 12.0 and 12.3 mmHg (±15% modulation) and to 15.9 and 15.7 mmHg (±25% modulation), respectively. The pulsatility index and surplus hemodynamic energy significantly increased, respectively, to 1.05 and 1346 ergs/cm at ±15% speed modulation and to 1.51 and 3381 ergs/cm at ±25% speed modulation. This study showed that it is feasible to generate pressure pulsatility with pump speed modulation; the platform is suitable for evaluating the physiologic impact of pulsatility and allows determination of the best speed modulations in terms of magnitude, frequency, and profiles.

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Σάββατο 8 Απριλίου 2017

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