Background: The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) meeting was held from 5 November to 11 November 2014 in Beijing, and comprehensive emission control measures were implemented. The efficiency of these measures on particulate matter-related health impacts and economic cost need to be evaluated. Methods: The influences of emission control measures during APEC on particulate matter were evaluated, and health economic effects were assessed. Results: Average concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 during APEC were reduced by 57.0%, and 50.6% respectively, compared with pre-APEC period. However, the concentrations of particulate matter rebounded after APEC. Compared with the pre-APEC and post-APEC periods, the estimated number of deaths caused by non-accidental, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases that could be attributed to PM2.5 and PM10 during the APEC were the lowest. The economic cost associated with mortality caused by PM2.5 and PM10 during the APEC were reduced by (61.3% and 66.6%) and (50.3% and 60.8%) respectively, compared with pre-APEC and post-APEC. Conclusions: The emission control measures were effective in improving short term air quality and reducing health risks and medical expenses during 2014 APEC, but more efforts is needed for long term and continuous air quality improvement and health protection.
from #AlexandrosSfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2i5nwMQ
via IFTTT
Εγγραφή σε:
Σχόλια ανάρτησης (Atom)
Δημοφιλείς αναρτήσεις
-
Music: Elton John: Lyrics: Bernie Taupin: piano and vocals: Elton John: drums: Barry Morgan: bass guitar: Dave Richmond: acoustic guitar: Fr...
-
Information on properly formatting papers and citing sources in several different styles. How to cite legal material in APA style from #Al...
-
Find A+ essays, research papers, book notes, course notes and writing tips. Millions of students use StudyMode to jumpstart their assignment...
-
from #AlexandrosSfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2peztQn via IFTTT
-
from #AlexandrosSfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2perfrQ via IFTTT
-
Sample Literary Essay #1 . A Literary Essay About “Eleven” by Sandra Cisneros . Children are often intimidated and fall silent when in the c...
-
Looking for the best colleges offering Creative Writing Degrees? Visit StartClass to compare colleges based on tuition, SAT scores, acceptan...
-
This simulation shows a single mass on a spring, b = damping constant (friction) A spring generates a force Runge-Kutta method for numerical...
-
Create terrific lightbox jQuery slideshows in second without a line of code. All browsers and devices! from #AlexandrosSfakianakis via Ale...
Δεν υπάρχουν σχόλια:
Δημοσίευση σχολίου