Influenza and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipient: Co-infection or superinfection?

Influenza and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipient: Co-infection or superinfection?

Transpl Infect Dis. 2017 Nov 07;:

Authors: Burke J, Soubani AO

Abstract
Influenza infection and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) patients are well characterized, however no dual infections have been reported in this patient population and little evidence of mechanisms of interaction between the two infections exists. We present a 53-year-old male allogeneic HSCT patient on immunosuppressive therapy for the treatment of graft-versus-host disease initially diagnosed with influenza A H3, and later PJP. Despite the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome, the patient was successfully treated with appropriate antimicrobial therapy and aggressive supportive care. This case demonstrates the necessity of maintaining a high index of suspicion for fungal (including PJP) co-infection or superinfection in the setting of worsening influenza infection. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PMID: 29111605 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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