The influence of impact direction and axial loading on the bone fracture pattern

Knowledge on long bone failure mechanisms and fracture patterns may assist anthropologists and physicians in legal (forensic) medicine, i.e., in identifying the trauma that caused an injury. Traffic accidents, for example, is of major importance since road traffic injuries are the leading cause of death worldwide among young people aged 10–24 years, with nearly 400,000 people under the age of 25 dying in the world’s roads [39]. Analysis of bone fractures may assist in reconstructing the location of pedestrians relative to the vehicle and their position (standing or recumbent), moving phase (standing or moving), the impact direction, the type of collision (front, corner, sideswipe), and the type and speed of the vehicle.

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