Im September 2016 verkündete die Chefanklägerin des Internationalen Strafgerichtshofes (IStGH) in Den Haag in einem Strategiepapier, dass sich ihr Büro in Zukunft vermehrt mit Verbrechen befassen wolle, welche unter anderem Umweltzerstörung, illegale Ressourcenausbeutung oder Landnahme beinhalten oder zur Folge haben. Die Reaktionen auf diese Mitteilung reichten von Euphorie bis hin zu Vorwürfen, dass die Chefanklägerin damit dem Gerichtshof einen neuen Vorwand gäbe, sich ausschließlich mit dem Globalen Süden zu befassen. Was ist von dieser Kontroverse zu halten und welche Auswirkungen könnte die Ankündigung der Anklagebehörde auf die breiteren Bemühungen in der Vergangenheitsarbeit nach bewaffneten Konflikten und anderen Gewaltsituationen haben? Der vorliegende Beitrag bespricht das Strategiepapier der Chefanklägerin vor dem Hintergrund neuer Forschungsergebnisse, welche aufzeigen, dass Verletzungen von wirtschaftlichen, sozialen und kulturellen Menschenrechten mit völkerstrafrechtlichen Tatbeständen überlappen können. In September 2016, the Chief Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court (ICC) in The Hague announced that her Office intends to pay particular attention to prosecuting »crimes that are committed by means of, or that result in, inter alia, the destruction of the environment, the illegal exploitation of natural resources or the illegal dispossession of land.« Some reacted enthusiastically to this announcement while others criticised that the Chief Prosecutor would give the ICC a new pretext for exclusively dealing with the Global South. What should we make of this controversy and what implications might the announcement of the Prosecutor have for the role of international law in transitional justice more broadly? The author analyses the Prosecutor’s Policy Paper on Case Selection. She does so in light of recent research results suggesting that violations of economic, social and cultural human rights can overlap with the definitions of existing international crimes.
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