Intermittent hypoxia causes mandibular growth retardation and macroglossia in growing rats.

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Intermittent hypoxia causes mandibular growth retardation and macroglossia in growing rats.

Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2017 Feb;151(2):363-371

Authors: Hosomichi J, Kuma YI, Oishi S, Nagai H, Maeda H, Usumi-Fujita R, Shimizu Y, Kaneko S, Shitano C, Suzuki JI, Yoshida KI, Ono T

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: In this study, we aimed to examine the role of intermittent hypoxia (IH) in dentofacial morphologic changes in growing rats.
METHODS: Seven-week-old male rats were exposed to IH at 20 cycles per hour (nadir of 4% oxygen to peak of 21% oxygen) for 8 hours per day for 6 weeks. Control rats were exposed to normoxia (N). Maxillofacial growth was compared between the 2 groups by linear measurements on cephalometric radiographs. To examine the dental arch morphology, study models and microcomputed tomography images of the jaws were taken. Additionally, tongue size was measured.
RESULTS: The gonial angle and the ramus of the mandible were smaller in the IH group than in the N group, whereas the body weights were not different between the 2 groups. Morphometric analysis of the dentition showed a significantly wider mandibular dentition and narrower maxillary dentition in the IH than in the N group. The relative width (+4.2 %) and length (tongue apex to vallate papillae, +3.5 %) of the tongue to the mandible were significantly greater in the IH group than in the N group.
CONCLUSIONS: IH induced dentofacial morphologic discrepancies in growing rats.

PMID: 28153167 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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