In our study, we aim to characterize the estrogenicity of 18 independent rivers that receive effluent from sewage treatment works. During the winter and summer of 2003, we collected multiple water samples and measured environmental estrogens with an in vitro yeast-based reporter gene assay; estrogenicity was expressed as ng 17β-estradiol equivalents (EEQ) per L of water. Estradiol equivalents values in winter ranged from 0.3 to 2.0 ng/L and, in summer, from 0.4 to 7.0 ng/L. Winter and summer EEQ values were not correlated with each other or with the dilution factor of the effluent in the river. Variation in EEQ values was large and correlated from winter to summer. Part of this variation in estrogenicity is explained by water flow rates; variation is larger at reduced flow rates. We measured plasma vitellogenin concentrations in immature male brown trout. At five sites, vitellogenin concentrations exceeded 1 μg/ml; however, at the majority of the sites, plasma vitellogenin concentrations were below 0.5 μg/ml. Our data indicate that the exposure of brown trout to environmental estrogens in Swiss midland rivers is low. However, some sites show reoccurring higher EEQ values and, at some sites, plasma vitellogenin concentrations in male fish clearly are elevated.
from #AlexandrosSfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2iQw8pL
via IFTTT
Εγγραφή σε:
Σχόλια ανάρτησης (Atom)
Δημοφιλείς αναρτήσεις
-
BABYLON Floral Denver CO - Unique Original cutting edge floral design. Order now for Mother's Day. We deliver fresh flowers, green and b...
-
This paper presents an adaptive multiuser transceiver scheme for DS-CDMA systems in which pilot symbols are added to users’ data to estimate...
-
Logical Problem of Evil. The existence of evil and suffering in our world seems to pose a serious challenge to belief in the existence of a ...
-
Find out more about the wide range of A Levels and full time courses available at Longley Park Sixth Form College, the only independent Sixt...
-
Objectives. To assess the association between short-term postoperative cognitive dysfuction (POCD) and inflammtory response in patients unde...
-
Abstract Layer-by-layer (LbL) dip coating, accompanying with the use of micelle structure, allows hydrophobic molecules to be coated on me...
-
IJMS, Vol. 18, Pages 2747: A Molecular Interpretation on the Different Penetration Enhancement Effect of Borneol and Menthol towards 5-Fluor...
-
from #Medicine-SfakianakisAlexandros via o.lakala70 on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Gchesc via IFTTT
-
Abstract Determining the cause of unexplained death in all age groups, including infants, is a priority in forensic medicine. The triple r...
Δεν υπάρχουν σχόλια:
Δημοσίευση σχολίου