It is unknown whether first-generation electronic cigarettes reduce smoking urges and withdrawal symptoms following a 24 h deprivation period. This study tested whether a first-generation electronic cigarette reduces smoking urges and withdrawal symptoms in cigarette smokers. Following 24 h of tobacco deprivation, using a within-subjects design, eight nontreatment seeking tobacco cigarette smokers (3 females) administered 10 puffs from a conventional cigarette or a first-generation electronic cigarette containing liquid with 0, 8 or 16 mg/ml nicotine. Conventional cigarettes ameliorated smoking urges and electronic cigarettes did not, regardless of nicotine concentration. First-generation electronic cigarettes may not effectively substitute for conventional cigarettes in reducing smoking urges, regardless of nicotine concentration.
from #AlexandrosSfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2njPiFR
via IFTTT
Εγγραφή σε:
Σχόλια ανάρτησης (Atom)
Δημοφιλείς αναρτήσεις
-
Excerpt from Common Culture: Reading and Writing About American Popular Culture. Ed. Michael Petracca, Madeleine Sorapure. Upper Saddle Rive...
-
Thesis Statement Creator: Directions: This web page explains the different parts to a thesis statement and helps you create your own. You ca...
-
Effect of titanium oxide and zirconium oxide nanoparticle incorporation on the flexural strength of heat-activated polymethyl methacrylate d...
-
Publication date: Available online 20 March 2018 Source: Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology Author(s): Tobia...
-
Abstract Objectives Patients undergoing osteoporosis treatment benefit greatly from early detection. We previously developed a computer-...
-
Related Articles Return of Genetic Research Results to Participants and Families: IRB Perspectives and Roles. J Law Med Ethics. 2015;...
Δεν υπάρχουν σχόλια:
Δημοσίευση σχολίου