Thyroid cancer after hysterectomy on benign indications: Findings from an observational cohort study in Sweden

Abstract

To investigate the association between hysterectomy and thyroid cancer subtypes based on histopathology. We did a nationwide, population-based, cohort study from 1973 to 2009 in Sweden. We identified as our study population all women above 18 years of age during the period between January 1, 1973 and December 31, 2009 from the Register of Population (n= 5.704,202) Individual case ascertainment of primary thyroid cancer subtypes were restricted to 1993-2009 based on histological pathologic-anatomical-diagnosis from the Cancer Register. Thyroid cancer subtypes were categorized based on histological morphology as: papillary, follicular, and others (including anaplastic and medullary thyroid carcinoma). Information on benign hysterectomy derived from the Swedish Inpatient Register. Women with a hysterectomy (exposed) were compared to women not having had a hysterectomy (unexposed) using Cox's proportional hazard ratios (HRs). The adjusted HR for papillary thyroid cancer was significantly increased in exposed as compared to unexposed women (HR 1.70, 95% CI 1.04-2.79). There was no significant association between hysterectomy and follicular carcinoma or other thyroid cancers. There was a clear shift in the occurrence of thyroid cancer towards a lower attained age at the time of diagnosis among the exposed but no significant difference in overall survival when comparing exposed and unexposed (HR 1.02, 95% CI 0.48-2.16) Hysterectomy was associated with an increased risk for subsequent papillary thyroid cancer and diagnosis at a younger age compared to women not having had a hysterectomy but there were no differences in survival. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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