Ultrasound contrast agents (UCA), such as microbubbles, enhance the scattering properties of blood, which is otherwise hypoechoic. The multiple scattering interactions of the acoustic field with UCA are poorly understood due to the complexity of the multiple scattering theories and the nonlinear microbubble response. The majority of bubble models describe the behavior of UCA as single, isolated microbubbles suspended in infinite medium. Multiple scattering models such as the independent scattering approximation can approximate phase velocity and attenuation for low scatterer volume fractions. However, all current models and simulation approaches only describe multiple scattering and nonlinear bubble dynamics separately. Here we present an approach that combines two existing models: (1) a full-wave model that describes nonlinear propagation and scattering interactions in a heterogeneous attenuating medium and (2) a Paul–Sarkar model that describes the nonlinear interactions betwe...
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Objectives Adult sagittal posture is established during childhood and adolescence. A flattened or hypercurved spine is associated with poore...
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Abstract The first absolute experimental bond dissociation energies (BDEs) for the main heterolytic bond cleavages of four benzylpyridiniu...
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Abstract Soil conditioners can be used to compensate for the insufficient soil nutrition and organic matter (OM) of arable soils. However, ...
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Caring for Patients with Physical Disabilities: Assessment of an Innovative Spinal Cord Injury Session that Addresses an Educational Gap Des...
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ORL 2017;79:164-165 from #AlexandrosSfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2oKOLwE via IFTTT
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ACS Nano DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b02058 from #AlexandrosSfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2pOv8F4 via...
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Abstract Objective To study the effects of Astragalus polysaccharide (APS), the primary effective component of the Chinese herb medicine A...
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Background First rib fractures are considered indicators of increased morbidity and mortality in major trauma. However, this has not been de...
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A surgically implanted sensor could let people control a prosthetic using their own nerves, giving a greater range of movement than muscle-...
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