Pathways to limit group 2 innate lymphoid cell activation

Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are a recently discovered population of lymphocytes that produce large amounts of TH2 cytokines.1 Unlike conventional T cells, ILC2s are not antigen specific and also lack specific lineage markers that identify other lymphocytes, including T, B, natural killer, and natural killer T cells. Mouse models of asthma have shown that ILC2s contribute to eosinophilic inflammation and hyperresponsiveness, and human studies have revealed increases in ILC2 counts in patients with asthma, allergic rhinitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, and atopic dermatitis.

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