Nocturia Increases the Incidence of Depressive Symptoms: A Longitudinal Study of the HEIJO-KYO Cohort.

Nocturia Increases the Incidence of Depressive Symptoms: A Longitudinal Study of the HEIJO-KYO Cohort.

BJU Int. 2017 Jan 27;:

Authors: Obayashi K, Saeki K, Negoro H, Kurumatani N

Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Previous epidemiological studies have suggested a cross-sectional association between nocturia and depressive symptoms. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between nocturia and the incidence of depressive symptoms.
PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: Of 1127 participants in the HEIJO-KYO population-based cohort, 866 elderly individuals (mean age, 71.5 years) without depressive symptoms at baseline were followed for a median period of 23 months. Nocturnal void frequency was logged using a standardized urination diary and nocturia was defined as a frequency of ≥2 voids per night. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale.
RESULTS: During the follow-up period, 75 participants reported the development of depressive symptoms (score ≥6). The nocturia group (n=239) exhibited a significantly higher hazard ratio (HR) for incident depressive symptoms than the non-nocturia group (n=627) in the Cox proportional hazard model, which was adjusted for age, gender, alcohol consumption, day length, and presence of hypertension and chronic kidney disease [HR, 1.69; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05-2.72; P = 0.032]. The significance remained after adjustment for sleep disturbances (HR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.02-2.75; P = 0.040). Analysis stratified by gender showed that the association between nocturia and the incidence of depressive symptoms was significant in males (HR, 2.51; 95% CI, 1.27-4.97; P = 0.008) but not in females (HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.53-2.44; P = 0.74).
CONCLUSIONS: Nocturia is significantly associated with a higher incidence of depressive symptoms in the general elderly population, and gender differences may underlie this association. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PMID: 28129482 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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