Inflammation Improves Glucose Homeostasis through IKKβ-XBP1s Interaction

Publication date: 3 November 2016
Source:Cell, Volume 167, Issue 4
Author(s): Junli Liu, Dorina Ibi, Koji Taniguchi, Jaemin Lee, Hilde Herrema, Bedia Akosman, Patrick Mucka, Mario Andres Salazar Hernandez, Muhemmet Fatih Uyar, Sang Won Park, Michael Karin, Umut Ozcan
It is widely believed that inflammation associated with obesity has an important role in the development of type 2 diabetes. IκB kinase beta (IKKβ) is a crucial kinase that responds to inflammatory stimuli such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) by initiating a variety of intracellular signaling cascades and is considered to be a key element in the inflammation-mediated development of insulin resistance. We show here, contrary to expectation, that IKKβ-mediated inflammation is a positive regulator of hepatic glucose homeostasis. IKKβ phosphorylates the spliced form of X-Box Binding Protein 1 (XBP1s) and increases the activity of XBP1s. We have used three experimental approaches to enhance the IKKβ activity in the liver of obese mice and observed increased XBP1s activity, reduced ER stress, and a significant improvement in insulin sensitivity and consequently in glucose homeostasis. Our results reveal a beneficial role of IKKβ-mediated hepatic inflammation in glucose homeostasis.

Graphical abstract

Teaser

Inflammatory signaling via IKKβ in the liver is beneficial for glucose homeostasis, running counter to the prevailing view that inflammation caused by obesity leads to insulin resistance.


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