Study profile of recurrent pain abdomen in children examined by ultrasonography

2016-09-28T05-04-06Z
Source: International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics
Vikram Hirekerur, Ajay Bhagawat.
Background: Abdominal pain is a frequent condition in children, pain localization in younger children is poor, and in a suffering child, physical examination is often limited, thus, sonographic evaluation of the abdomen is frequently performed in children to investigate the reason for the pain and to exclude other acute abdominal surgical conditions. With the routine use of high-frequency transducers, detection of enlarged abdominal lymph nodes (EALNs) is very common. Methods: After approval from ethical committee 50 patients within age range from 1 to 16 years attending paediatric department at BLDE Shri BM Patil medical college hospital Bijapur, Karnataka, India from January 2014 to December 2014 presenting with abdominal pain of various etiological causes subjected to ultrasonographic examination were included in this study. Results: Maximum numbers (46%) of patients are from 5-8 years age group, more number of boys (54%) is affected as compared with the girls. Maximum (62%) patients had total of 1-5 episodes and next infrequency are patients of multiple episodes, 30 % of patients had school loss due to pain abdomen. Right lower quadrant of the abdomen was most commonly affected (30%) followed by left lower (24%) and para-aortic (16%). Conclusions: We can conclude that -EALNs are frequently seen children with pain abdomen 5- 8 yrs with girls more commonly affected than boys. Most paeirnts presented with 1-5 episodes, 30 % of patients had school loss due to pain abdomen. Right lower quadrant of the abdomen was most commonly affected (30%) followed by left lower (24%) and para-aortic (16%).


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Diagnostic Efficacy Of Gene X-Pert/ MTB-RIF Assay And Its Implication For The Treatment Of MDR TB In Rural Medical College

2016-09-28T04-53-46Z
Source: National Journal of Integrated Research in Medicine
Dr. B.B.Bhadke*, Dr.R.K.Rathod**, Dr.D.G.Deshmukh***, Dr.A.B.Luniya****, Dr.P.A.Bulle*****, Dr.A.V.Surjushe******.
Aims and objectives: To diagnose and treat the MDR Tuberculosis by XPERT MTB/RIF assay as early as possible so that transmission of infection can be minimized and To find out prevalence of MDR TB in our rural district of Maharashtra. Methods: This is a observational ,prospective study conducted over a period of 14 months ( Jan 15 to April 16 ) in the Dept. of Pulmonary Medicine, Shri Vasantrao Naik Gov.t Medical College, Yavatmal, Maharashtra. We have subjected 613 patients who fulfill the clinical criteria for RNTCP - MDRTB suspect 1.Treatment failure. 2. Retreatment case sputum positive at the end of 4 months, 3.Contact of known MDRTB case, 4.Sputum positive at diagnosis, retreatment case, 5. Any follow up sputum positive, 6.Other category (sputum negative retreatment cases), and 7. HIV-TB Cases. We have excluded all new cases (sputum positive, sputum negative and extrapulmonary cases ). With all precautions two sputum samples collected in the designated microscopy centre. One sample was subjected for routine ZN staining and other one for GENE X-PERT MTB/RIF assay. Result. Out of 613 MDR suspect subjects, 314 (51.23%) were found in the age group 30 to 50 which is economically productive age group. There were 428 (69.82%) male and 185 (30.18%) female. Out of total study patient 44 (7.18 %) were detected Rifampicin resistance by X-PERT MTB/RIF assay. Amongst MDR suspect criteria highest no (4.07 %) of Rifampicin resistant were found in Retreatment cases ( group 4 ) followed by 1.47 % in any follow up sputum positive ( group 5 ) , 0.65 % in sputum negative retreatment cases ( group 6), 0.32 % in treatment failure ( group 1 ) , 0.49 % in HIV TB cases (group7 and0.16 % in contacts of known MDR ( group 3) .There were 144 ( 23 .5 ) were co infected with HIV.TB. Conclusion: We conclude that GENE XPERT MTB /RIF assay has significant role in detecting Rifampicin resistance, patient can be started on treatment at the earliest thereby reducing morbidity, progression to XDR, mortality and transmission of MDR/XDR TB in the community can be minimized. However it has some shortcomings that it cannot detect resistance of other anti- tubercular drugs and atypical mycobacteria. [B.B.Bhadke NJIRM 2016; 7(5):1-6]


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Impact Of Training On Knowledge And Practices Of Nurses Regarding Hospital Infection Control In A Tertiary Care Centre

2016-09-28T02-57-40Z
Source: National Journal of Integrated Research in Medicine
R.Jyoti Chandak*, Poonam S.Loomba**,B.Mishra,V.Dogra***.
: Background and objective:Nurses provide the first-hand bedside care to the patients in a hospital thus have a direct role in hospital infection control. Thus to improve hygiene behaviour of staff, training sessions on hospital infection control is necessary. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of training on knowledge and practices regarding hospital infection control amongst nursing staff working in tertiary care centre. Method: The study included 89 nurses from different wards and I.C.U. A pre-test and a post-test was conducted with a set of 20 self designed multiple choice questions in three days session of training covering important aspects of hospital infection control. Improvement in pre-test and post test for individual candidate was assessed and statistical data analysis was done. Results: Response rate of the questionnare was 100%.The mean pre-test score was 9(S.D 3.06) while mean post-test score was 14(S.D 6.34). The difference in pre-test and post-test was statistically significant(P

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Kolaviron, a biflavonoid of Garcinia kola seed mitigates ischaemic/reperfusion injury by modulation of pro-survival and apoptotic signaling pathways

2016-09-28T02-13-23Z
Source: Journal of Intercultural Ethnopharmacology
Ademola Adetkunbo Oyagbemi, Dirk Bester, Johan Esterhuyse, Ebenezer Olatunde Farombi.
Objective: The study was designed to investigate the ameliorative effect of Kolaviron (KV) and Garcinia kola (GK) ischaemic/reperfusion injury in experimental animal models. Materials and methods: Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: Group one received corn oil as a vehicle and rats in group two were administered KV at 200 mg/kg for four weeks. The rats were fed with rat standard chow pellet and water administered ad libitum. After four weeks of KV administration, hearts were excised and mounted on the Working heart perfusion system. Western blot analysis for protein expression was carried out on frozen heart samples. Results: There was significant (p


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INVESTIGATION OF ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY PROPERTIES OF BURDOCK THICK EXTRACTS ON THE MODEL OF BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA (BPHP) IN RATS

2016-09-28T01-17-06Z
Source: Journal of Molecular Pathophysiology
Shchokina Catherine, Ulanova Vera.
Introduction. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPHP) is one of the most common diseases in men middle-aged and elderly. In this regard, search and study of new effective and safe medicines with prostatoprotective effect is important and actual. Methods. BPHP model reproduced the intraperitoneal administration of sulpiride male rats, 40 mg / kg for 30 days. Thick Burdock extracts at a dose of 75 mg / kg and reference drug prostaplant forte, 35 mg / kg were administered intraperitoneally in a medical mode 31 to day 52 of the study. Results. The administration of thick extract of burdock roots contributed to the reliable normalization of acid phosphatase activity in serum of animals, as it is evidenced by the absence of significant differences of indicator of the treated animals from the same indicator in the groups of animals with intact control. The administration of thick extract of burdock roots contributed to a significant inhibition of LPO processes, normalization of reduced glutathione and diene conjugates in the serum levels of thiobarbituric acid active products and reduced glutathione in the homogenate of the prostate. The effect of the indicators mentioned above thick extract of burdock roots was not significantly inferior to the effect of the drug compared with Prostaplant Forte. Thick extract of burdock leaves inferior to thick extract of burdock roots and the reference drug by normalizing influence on the activity of acid phosphatase, the level of reduced glutathione and diene conjugates in blood serum of the experimental animals. Conclusions. The one of the most important components of the mechanism of the prostate protective action of burdock thick extracts in benign hyperplasia of the prostate gland are their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant action wich are not inferior to the reference drug Prostaplant Forte.


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The activities of Bangladesh water development board on the social environment of Bhadrabila union, Narail sadar upazila, Bangladesh

2016-09-28T00-29-17Z
Source: Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Rimi Bhattacharjee, Molla Rahman Shaibur and Md. Amit Hasan.
The study was conducted at Bhadrabila union, Narail sadar upazila, Narail in Bangladesh. The study period was carried out during September to December, 2013. In the selected areas, the study was conducted on 375 persons. The collected information was totally interview and observation based study. In the study area the highest age distribution was 50% in 21-40 years. The second highest was 39% for 41-60 years. The third highest was 7% for the year of 1-20. The lowest age distribution was for the year of 60 and above. This study found that the highest respondents of 39% are the member of 3-4 family member range. 32% respondents are in the member of 5-6 family member range. 12% respondents are in the member of 7-8 family member range. This study represent that 18% houses were kacha, 27% houses were tin shade 29% half building and 26% house were building. Almost 3% respondents were in class 1-3, 31% were in class 4-6, 46% were in between class 7-9, 10% in S.S.C level and left 9% were in above S.S.C level. Almost 79% had sanitary latrine. . It was found that 28% peoples were and poor their monthly income was 3,000-6,000 taka, 40% peoples were middle class their monthly income was 6,000-9,000 taka, about 24% peoples were rich their monthly income was 9,000-12,000 and lest 8% peoples income were 12,000+. 90% tube wells were arsenic free and only 10% tube wells are arsenic contaminated. About 77% were related with the BWDB and rests 13% were not the beneficiary of the BWDB. About 86% respondants were benifited by the activities of the BWDB. About 100% of respondents are fully satisfied by the activities of BWDB in arsenic test. It was shown that the social life of the respondents of Bhadrabila Union Parisad was getting better. The most important thing is almost 100% of the respondents were satisfied by the activities of BWDB.


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Excavation of irrigation canal changes the cropping pattern in 2013-14: Auria Union, Narail, Bangladesh

2016-09-28T00-29-17Z
Source: Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Md. Amit Hasan, Molla Rahman Shaibur, Md. Shamsur Rahman, Md. Atiqur Rahman, Shaswata Biswas, Rimi Bhattacharjee and Md. Maruf Shaikah.
The principal crop during winter is Bororice and it occupies about 70% of crops. Being a country of 140 million inhabitants, agriculture is still the major water using sector in order to feed a growing population where at least 40 million people do not have a square meal. Recently, Bangladesh Water Development Board (BWDB) launched some projects to various water user groups for maintenance and expenditure recovery. Chenchuri Irrigation Sub Project is under South-West Area Integrated Water Resources Planning and Management Project (SWAIWRPMP). The project area covers the South Western Narail District along with Auria Union at Narail Sadar Upazila. Data were collected from 150 farmers of 6 villages in Auria Union. This research investigates the overall cropping pattern in Auria Union, Narail Sadar Upazila, before the construction of canal (during 1987-88), after the construction of canal (during 2009-10)and after re-excavation of canal (2012-13). The result showed that, before the construction of canal (during 1987-88) there were 5 types of cropping pattern and after the construction of canal (during 2009-10) there were 6 types of cropping pattern. But after re-excavation of canal (2012-13), 12 types of cropping pattern were recorded. Among them, the T. Aman and Boro were the most prominent cropping pattern. In Kharif 1, Kharif 2 and Rabi seasons, various types of crops were cultivated. Such as Aus, B. Aman, T. Aman, Boro, Jute, Sesame, Summer vegetables, Chilly, Garlic, Chickpea, Lentil, Mustard, Onion, Sugarcane, Turmeric, Wheat, Winter vegetables etc. The result revealed that, the re-excavation of canal have significantly positive impact on the Boro, Wheat, Turmeric, Chilly, Chick pea, Sugarcane, Lentil production. The Boro rice cultivation increased significantly day by day and it replaced other crops gradually. Because, farmers get irrigation water easily and cheaply from canal in Rabi season (16 October 15 March). The present study showed that, the excavation of irrigation canal completely changes the cropping pattern at auriaunion in Narail, Bangladesh.


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