A biased opinion: Demonstration of cognitive bias on a fingerprint matching task through knowledge of DNA test results

Fingerprint analysis has been used for over a century as a means of comparing a suspect and a perpetrator within a police investigation. A ‘match’ or ‘identification’ decision means that the suspect may remain a ‘person of interest’ in a case. In contrast, a ‘no-match’ or ‘exclusion’ decision means that an innocent party may be cleared of charges or released from custody. Finally an ‘inconclusive’ decision means that the analyst does not have sufficient information to draw a definitive conclusion, and any charge or conviction would need to rest on alternative evidence.

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