Tumor Site and the Prognosis and Immunogenomics of HPV-Related Cancers

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Tumor Site and the Prognosis and Immunogenomics of HPV-Related Cancers Via JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery Online First This cohort study categorizes tumors of the head and neck and the cervix by human papillomavirus (HPV) positivity status and compares their immunogenomic landscapes and associations with survival. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Analysis of ENT emergency patients during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Analysis of ENT emergency patients during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany Via hno HNO. 2021 Nov 17. doi: 10.1007/s00106-021-01121-1. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: This retrospective observational study was undertaken to assess the ENT emergency workload during the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory coronavirus‑2 (SARS-CoV-2). MATERIALS AND METHODS: All 3230 patients who were treated as an emergency from 23.01.2020 to 06.08.2020 in the Department of Otolaryngology at the SLK-Kliniken Heilbronn were included in thi s study. Demographic data, diagnostics, diagnosis, and treatment (in-/outpatient) were retrospectively retrieved. Not only did the physicians on call triage the emergency department (ED) ENT patients, but the patients also self-assessed their urgency of treatment. RESULTS: The number of patients consulting our ED decreased significantly during the pandemic, by 42.2%. However, the top diagnoses remained almost constant, with epistaxis being the most frequent diagnosis before, during, and after COVID-19. Facial trauma remained the second most frequent consultation reason. The hospitalization rate decreased from 21.9% before COVID-19 to 16.2% during the pandemic. Surgical therapy was necessary in 17.6% of patients before COVID-19 and this increased to 23.5% during COVID-19. The self-referral rate increased from 61 to 66% during the pandemic. More men than women consulted the ED during COVID-19. Regarding the triage assessment by the physician on call and the patient's self-assess ment, a significant discrepancy was noted before, during, and after COVID-19. CONCLUSION: The reasons for reduction in ENT ED visits are multifactorial. The clinical consequences of decreased hospitalizations remain uncertain. However, health authorities need to advocate the safety of the hospital environment to limit potential damage. PMID:34791514 | DOI:10.1007/s00106-021-01121-1 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Survival and swallowing function outcome impact factors analysis of surgery-oriented comprehensive treatment for hypopharyngeal cancer in a series of 122 patients

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Survival and swallowing function outcome impact factors analysis of surgery-oriented comprehensive treatment for hypopharyngeal cancer in a series of 122 patients Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Nov 18:1455613211058108. doi: 10.1177/01455613211058108. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Under current standards of treating highly aggressive hypopharyngeal cancer (HPC), oncological control and functional outcome are still unsatisfactory worldwide. This study explored the surgery-oriented comprehensive treatment approach based on 15 years of practice. METHODS: A retrospective cohort of HPC patients treated by the senior author at Ch inese PLA General Hospital between Nov 2005 and Aug 2012 and Capital Medical University Beijing Friendship Hospital between May 2014 and Nov 2019 was studied. Oncological control, swallowing function, and quality of life (QoL) were assessed. RESULTS: In total, 122 patients were included in this study, with 11 (9.0%) cases in the early stage and 111 (91.0%) cases in the advanced stage. Five-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were 40.0% and 36.1%, respectively. The swallowing outcome was satisfactory in 90 (73.8%) patients. Tracheostomy-free survival was achieved in 55 (45.1%) patients. Multivariate cox regression analysis showed that the size of the surgical defect, local-regional recurrence, and distant metastasis were independent impact factors for OS and DFS (P < .05). Multivariate analysis showed that the logistic regression coefficients (standard error) of pharyngo-cutaneous fistula and local-regional recurrence on swallowing function were 1.274 (.532) and 1.283 (.496), respectively (P < .05). In addition, the logistic regression coefficients (standard error) of the clinical stage, local-regional recurrence, decannulation, and feeding tube on QoL were -7.803 (3.593), -7.699 (3.151), 13.853 (3.494), and -20.243 (3.696), respectively (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Surgery-oriented comprehensive treatment can give rise to good swallowing function without jeopardizing oncological control. The size of the surgical defect, local-regional recurrence, and distant metastasis were independent factors impacting OS and DFS. Pharyngo-cutaneous fistula and local-regional recurrence were independent factors impacting swallowing function. Clinical stage, local-regional recurrence, decannulation, and feeding tube were independent factors impacting QoL. PMID:34792398 | DOI:10.1177/01455613211058108 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Effect of swallowing rehabilitation using traditional therapy, kinesiology taping and neuromuscular electrical stimulation on dysphagia in post-stroke patients: A randomized clinical trial

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Effect of swallowing rehabilitation using traditional therapy, kinesiology taping and neuromuscular electrical stimulation on dysphagia in post-stroke patients: A randomized clinical trial Via Traditional dysphagia therapy Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2021 Nov 6;211:107020. doi: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2021.107020. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the functional recovery of stroke patients with orophyaryngeal dysphagia after treatment with traditional swallowing therapy (TST), neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), and kinesiology taping (KT), by using clinical swallowing assessments and objective fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES). METHODS: A total of 37 patients were randomized in three groups: those who received TST and NMES as Group 1 (n:12), those who received both TST and KT as Group 2 (n:13), and those who received TST, NMES, and KT together as Group 3 (n:12). Patients were evaluated before treatment, after treatment, and three months after treatment onset with bedside water-swallow test, Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10), Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS), penetration-aspiration scale (PAS), and Nationa l Institute of Health-Swallow Safety Scale (NIH-SSS). FOIS, PAS, and NIS-SSS were completed according to results of fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES). RESULTS: A statistically significant decrease was observed in bedside water-swallow test, EAT-10, PAS, and NIH-SSS scores in all treatment groups 5 weeks and 3 months after treatment onset compared to pre-treatment scores (p < 0.05). There was a statistically significant increase in FOIS scores 5 weeks and 3 months after treatment compared to pretreatment scores in all treatment groups (p < 0.05). When the pre-treatment, 3-week, and 5-month swallow scale scores of all groups were compared, there was no significant different difference in terms of bedside water-swallow test, EAT-10, FOIS, PAS, or NIH-SSS scores (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: According to the results of our study, KT is a new option in the treatment of stroke-related dysphagia, is an effective treatment approach and its efficacy is main tained throughout long-term follow-up. PMID:34781221 | DOI:10.1016/j.clineuro.2021.107020 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Epigenetic therapy to enhance therapeutic effects of PD-1 inhibition in therapy-resistant melanoma

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Epigenetic therapy to enhance therapeutic effects of PD-1 inhibition in therapy-resistant melanoma Via Melanoma Research - Published Ahead-of-Print Targeted therapy and immunotherapy have revolutionized the treatment of metastatic skin melanoma but around half of all patients develop resistance early or late during treatment. The situation is even worse for patients with metastatic uveal melanoma (UM). Here we hypothesized that the immunotherapy of therapy-resi stant skin melanoma or UM can be enhanced by epigenetic inhibitors. Cultured B16F10 cells and human UM cells were treated with the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) entinostat or BETi JQ1. Entinostat-induced HLA expression and PD-L1, but JQ1 did not. A syngeneic mouse model carrying B16-F10 melanoma cells was treated with PD-1 and CTLA4 inhibitors, which was curative. Co-treatment with the bioavailable BETi iBET726 impaired the immunotherapy effect. Monotherapy of a B16-F10 mouse model with anti-PD-1 resulted in a moderate therapeutic effect that could be enhanced by entinostat. Mice carrying PD-L1 knockout B16-F10 cells were also sensitive to entinostat. This suggests HDAC inhibition and immunotherapy could work in concert. Indeed, co-cultures of UM with HLA-matched melanoma-specific tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) resulted in higher TIL-mediated melanoma killing when entinostat was added. Further exploration of combined immunotherapy and epigenetic therapy in metastatic melanoma resistant to PD-1 inhibition is warranted. * Present address: Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, 6 Verdun St, WA 6009, Nedlands, Perth, Australia. Received 21 July 2021 Accepted 23 September 2021 Supplemental Digital Content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's website, www.melanomaresearch.com. Correspondence to Jonas A. Nilsson, PhD, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Box 425, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden, Tel: +46 730 273039; e-mail: jonas.nilsson@perkins.org.au This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0(CCBY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Applied anatomy of the medial orbital wall

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Applied anatomy of the medial orbital wall Via Vestnik otorinolaringologii Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2021;86(5):119-123. doi: 10.17116/otorino202186051119. ABSTRACT The article provides an overview of foreign and domestic studies on the anatomy of the medial wall of the orbit. Possible structural variants of the osseus structures of the medial wall and their applied clinical significance are indicated, including those having individual occurrence: additional lacrimal bone, morphological features of the structure of the fossa of the lacrimal sac, location, shape and size of the cells of the ethmoid bone, Onody cells, Haller infraorbital cell, the relative position of the anterior and posterior ethmoid foramina, the presence of additional ethmoid foramina, dysgenesis of the lacrimal bone and the orbital plate of the ethmoid bone. The anatomical prerequisites for the occurrence of intraoperative complications with surgical access to the medial wall of the orbit are described. PMID:34783485 | DOI:10.17116/otorino202186051119 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Auditory brainstem response prior to MRI compared to standalone MRI in the detection of vestibular schwannoma: a modelling study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Auditory brainstem response prior to MRI compared to standalone MRI in the detection of vestibular schwannoma: a modelling study Via Clinical Otolaryngology Abstract Objectives To determine the cost-effectiveness of auditory brainstem response prior to MRI (ABR-MRI) compared to standalone MRI to diagnose vestibular schwannoma. Design A state transition model was developed to simulate costs and effects (quality-adjusted life years (QALY)) for both diagnostic strategies for patients suspected of a vestibular schwannoma. Model input was derived from literature, hospital databases, and expert opinions. Scenario and sensitivity analyses addressed model uncertainty. Results Over a lifetime horizon, ABR-MRI resulted in a limited cost-saving of €68 or €98 per patient (dependent on MRI sequence) and a health loss of 0.005 QALYs over standalone MRI. ABR-MRI, however, did miss patients with other important pathology (2% of the population) that would have been detected when using standalone MRI. In total, €14,203 or €19,550 could be saved per lost QALY if ABR-MRI was used instead of standalone MRI. The results were sensitive to the detection rate of vestibular schwannoma and health-related quality of life of missed patients. Conclusion The cost-saving with ABR-MRI does not seem to outweigh the number of missed patients with VS and other important pathologies that would have been detected when using standalone MRI. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.