The Relationship Between Temporal Bone Pneumatization Pattern and Sinus Mucosal Thickness Grading on Computed Tomography Scans of Paranasal Sinuses

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The Relationship Between Temporal Bone Pneumatization Pattern and Sinus Mucosal Thickness Grading on Computed Tomography Scans of Paranasal Sinuses Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract The relationship between temporal bone pneumatization (TBP) pattern and sinus mucous thickness grading on computed tomography scans of paranasal sinuses was investigated. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 200 temporal bones and paranasal sinuses were evaluated in CT scans of 100 patients with chronic sinusitis (CRS). The mucosal thickness of paranasal sinuses was classified into two groups (0–6 and 7–12) according to the Lund-Mackay (LM) staging system. Also, pneumatization patterns of petrous apex and perilabyrinthine regions were classified according to Jadvah et al. method. Data were analyzed using Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests. The most common pneumatization pattern in the petrous apex was pattern A (49.5%) and in the perilabyrinthine region was pattern B (50%). In the petrous apex, the highest frequencies of pattern A (51.7%) and pattern C (24.6%), among other pneumatization patterns, were found in score range of 7–12 and 0–6, respect ively, which was statistically significant (P = 0.017). Although in the perilabyrinthine region, the highest frequencies of pattern A (24.1%) and pattern C (32.7%) were in LM score ranges of 7–12 and 0–6, respectively, no significant difference was found (P = 0.589). The petrous apex pneumatization decreases with an increase in the severity of CRS, which can be in response to the eustachian tube dysfunction and common pathogens with CRS. A similar relationship was also found in the perilabyrinthine region, although it was not statistically significant. No significant relationship between TBP and severity of CRS was found in the age and sex groups. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Operative Anatomy of the Skull Base: 3D Exploration with a Highly Detailed Interactive Atlas

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Operative Anatomy of the Skull Base: 3D Exploration with a Highly Detailed Interactive Atlas Via Journal of Neurological Surgery Part B: Skull Base J Neurol Surg B Skull Base DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1729975 Objective We evaluated the usefulness of a three-dimensional (3D) interactive atlas to illustrate and teach surgical skull base anatomy in a clinical setting. Study Design A highly detailed atlas of the adult human skull base was created from multiple high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) scans of a healthy Caucasian male. It includes the parcellated and labeled bony skull base, intra- and extracranial vasculature, cranial nerves, cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem. We are reporting retrospectively on our experiences with employing the atlas for the simulation and teaching of neurosurgical approaches and concepts in a clinical setting. Setting The study was conducted at the University Hospital Mainz, Germany, and Hirslanden Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland. Participants Medical students and neurosurgical residents participated in this study. Results Handling the layered graphical user interface of the atlas requires some training; however, navigating the detailed 3D content from intraoperative perspectives led to quick comprehension of anatomical relationships that are otherwise difficult to perceive. Students and residents appreciated the collaborative learning effect when working with the atlas on large projected screens and markedly improved their anatomical knowledge after interacting with the software. Conclusion The skull base atlas provides an effective way to study essential surgical anatomy and to teach operative strategies in this complex region. Interactive 3D computer graphical environments are highly suitable for conveying complex anatomy and to train and review surgical concepts. They remain underutilized in clinical practice. [...] Georg Thieme Verlag KG Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany Article in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract   |  Full text View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Association between pulmonary function and cardiac enzymes in sickle cell disease

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Association between pulmonary function and cardiac enzymes in sickle cell disease Via American Journal of Blood Research Am J Blood Res. 2021 Apr 15;11(2):199-205. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: There is scarcity of data on association between lung function and cardiac markers in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). Meanwhile, SCD affects multi-organs in any one population. There seem to be an association between reduced pulmonary function with cardiac dysfunction. The current study examined the association between pulomanry function with cardiac markers in patients with SCD. METHODOLOGY: This was a cross-sectional study with cases and controls. The cases (n=117) were made up of patients with SCD. The control subjects (n=58) were voluntary blood donors without SCD. The cellulose acetate electrophoresis was used to determine the genotypes of the study subjects. Blood samples were collected from all the study subjects for full blood count and measurement of cardiac enzymes. The cardiac enzymes measured were lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB). Lung function test, using the vitalograph was done on all the study subjects. The Global Lung Initiative criteria were used to categorize lung disease as obstruction, restriction, mixed obstruction/restriction and normal. RESULTS: The prevalence of elevated CK-MB and LDH among the SCD patients was 76.92% and 9.40% respectively, higher than the non-SCD controls (51.72% and 0% for elevated CK-MB and LDH respectively). Of all the impaired lung function, lung restriction was prevalent in all the study groups (30.77% and 15.52% for SCD patients and non-SCD controls respectively). In the fully adjusted model, reduced FEV1 was associated with nearly 3.5-fold higher odds of elevated CK-MB (odds ratio 3.35, 95% CI 1.26-8.90, p-value 0.015) in individuals with SCD. CONCLUSION: Reduced FEV1 which reflects airflow impairments are associated with CK-MB elevations in patients with SCD, suggesting a possible damage to the card iomyocytes. PMID:34079635 | PMC:PMC8165713 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

ABO system combination with Rh, Kell and MN group in Georgian blood donors

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader ABO system combination with Rh, Kell and MN group in Georgian blood donors Via American Journal of Blood Research Am J Blood Res. 2021 Apr 15;11(2):132-139. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT There are numerous scientific data about the study of the prevalence of blood group antigens in the different donor population. Several studies showed that the profile of major blood group antigens is not similar in blood donors from different local areas. RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: Our scientific goal was to study of the prevalence blood group antigens in the Georgian blood donor population. In the current study, we analyzed the 48 phenotypically combinations based on four major (ABO, Rh, Kell, and MN) blood groups. RESEARCH METHODS: The blood of 1009 donors has been studied on RBC antigens. The sample were collected from the diagnostic laboratory of Medina Ltd Health Centre of Batumi. Blood typing of the sample has been carried out on the basis of the immunogenetics laboratory of Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University. The universal monoclone antibodies was u sed for identify minor blood group antigens. We used as forward as reverse grouping methods. For identification erythrocytes, blood group antigens also were used ID cards, such as ABO/D + Reverse Grouping. RESULT: 12 phenotypic combinations have been identified in each O, A, B, AB group of ABO system. Out of 48 theoretically possible phenotypic combinations, we can actually find 1,9 times less phenotypes and the real amount is 25 phenotypes. The remaining 23 phenotypic combinations have not been observed in the studied donors. These are: 1. O, Rh-K+ MM; 2. O, Rh-K- MN; 3. O, Rh-K- NN; 4. A, Rh-K+ MN; 5. A, Rh-K+ MM; 6. A, Rh-K+ NN; 7. A, Rh-K- MM; 8. A, Rh-K- NN; 9. B, Rh+K+ NN; 10. B, Rh-K+ MN; 11. B, Rh-K+ MM; 12. B, Rh-K + NN; 13. B, Rh-K- MN; 14. B, Rh-K- MM; 15. B, Rh-K- NN; 16. AB, Rh+K+ MN; 17. AB, Rh+K+ NN; 18. AB, Rh+K- NN; 19. AB, Rh+K- MM; 20. AB, Rh-K+ MN; 21. AB, Rh-K+ MM; 22. AB, Rh-K+ NN; 23. B, Rh-K- NN. The value of χ2 in the case is equal to 3221,16. The P-Value is < .00001. The result is significant at P < .05. Out of 1009 studied donors 349 are carriers of phenotypic group A (II), while 19 donors carry AB (IV) group specification. This means that 36.23% of the studied donors have A antigen on the surface of erythrocyte membrane. The majority of them A1 subgroup. CONCLUSION: As our research showed there is a quit high polymorphism of blood group phenotype combinations in Georgian blood donors in the example of one clinic. This kind of data is very important for the clinics' rational preparation of whole blood or blood components. PMID:34079626 | PMC:PMC8165715 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Proinflammatory cytokines as potential risk factors of acute graft-versus-host disease and infectious complications after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Proinflammatory cytokines as potential risk factors of acute graft-versus-host disease and infectious complications after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Via American Journal of Blood Research Am J Blood Res. 2021 Apr 15;11(2):149-156. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is associated with a risk of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) and infections. The pathogenesis of acute GvHD is related to T-lymphocytes, which identify alloantigens on host antigen-presenting cells, induce production of interferon (IFN) gamma and interleukin (IL)-2, recruit immune effector cells and destroy tissues and organs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study involved 62 patients, 30 (48%) men and 32 (52%) women [median age 49.5; (19-68) years] after myeloablative conditioning (MAC) n = 26 (42%) or reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) n = 36 (58%) therapy before allo-HSCT from a sibling (n = 12) or unrelated (n = 50) donor due to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). All patients received standard immunosuppressive therapy with cyclosporine A and methotrexate plus pre-transplant anti-thymocyte gl obulin in the unrelated transplant setting. Blood samples were collected pre-transplant before the start of and after conditioning therapy (1 day pre-transplant) and 2, 4, 6, 10, 20, 30 days following allo-HSCT. The analysis of potential risk factors included IL-2 and IFN-gamma concentrations, patients' age, the use of MAC/RIC and CR/non-CR status before transplantation. RESULTS: The statistical analysis revealed that independent risk factors for aGvHD included non-CR status before allo-HSCT [odds ratio (OR) = 10.52, P = 0.040], the use of MAC [hazard ratio (HR) = 4.80, P = 0.007] and a high level of IFN-gamma on day 6 post-transplant (HR = 1.03, P = 0.032). MAC was also the independent risk factor for infectious complications (OR = 4.04, P = 0.024). CONCLUSION: A high level of IFN-gamma on day 6 post-transplant, non-CR status before allo-HSCT and the use of MAC are independent risk factors for aGvHD. MAC is also the independent risk factor of infectious complications. PMID:34079628 | PMC:PMC8165716 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Diagnostic accuracy of reticulocyte parameters on the sysmex XN 1000 for discriminating iron deficiency anaemia and thalassaemia in Saudi Arabia

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Diagnostic accuracy of reticulocyte parameters on the sysmex XN 1000 for discriminating iron deficiency anaemia and thalassaemia in Saudi Arabia Via American Journal of Blood Research Am J Blood Res. 2021 Apr 15;11(2):172-179. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Iron deficient erythropoiesis and Thalassaemia are both associated with microcytic erythropoiesis albeit from different pathological mechanisms. Given the high prevalence of Hemoglobinopathies in the Mediterranean region, discriminating these two conditions is important. Several algorithms using conventional red cell indices have been developed to facilitate diagnosis, however, their diagnostic accuracy is low. The new generation haematology analyzers enabled the use of more innovative parameters such as reticulocyte parameters. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the reticulocyte parameters on the Sysmex XN 1000 to distinguish between IDA and Thalassemia in our population. METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of blood samples sent to our laboratory for haemoglobin electrophoresis screening. We categorized our cohort into Thalassemia and Iron Deficient patients based on known diagnostic criteria. We analyzed the reticulocyte parameters using receiver operator curve analysis (ROC) and determined the cut off value for each parameter. RESULTS: Reticulocyte parameters most accurate for discriminating IDA from Thalassemia patients was: RET, RET-HE and IRF. The RET-HE had the best statistical significance for IDA patients with AUC = 0.69 for cut off 22.25. The RET-HE for dual positive patients was more accurate with AUC = 0.78 for cut off 21.25. The IRF had the best statistical significance for Alpha Thalassemia with AUC = 0.66 for cut off value 18. CONCLUSION: An IRF cut off below 15.5 and RET-HE cut off below 22.25 was the most accurate variable in predicting IDA with a sensitivity of 59.4% and 68.3%. PMID:34079632 | PMC:PMC8165718 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Cutaneous methotrexate-related T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder with CD4, CD30, CD56, EBV-positive tumor cell infiltration: a case illustration and a brief review

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Cutaneous methotrexate-related T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder with CD4, CD30, CD56, EBV-positive tumor cell infiltration: a case illustration and a brief review Via American Journal of Blood Research Am J Blood Res. 2021 Apr 15;11(2):163-167. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT Methotrexate (MTX) is a commonly used anti-metabolite agent. Long-term MTX treatment can cause MTX-related lymphoproliferative disorder (MTX-LPD). T-cell LPDs comprise a small fraction of MTX-LPDs. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)+ tumor cells are rarely detected in MTX-related T-cell LPDs (MTX T-LPDs). Therefore, there have been very few reports of EBV+ MTX T-LPD. We encountered a case of cutaneous MTX T-LPD with a unique cellular phenotype. The patient was a 71-year-old Japanese man with rheumatoid arthritis treated with MTX for 6 years. He was referred to our department with a 6-month history of red plaques and ulcerated lesions in both lower legs and a 2-week history of high fever and fatigue. Cutaneous specimens showed that medium-sized atypical lymphocytes were positive for CD3, CD4, CD30, CD56, and in situ hybridization for EBV-encoded RNA. The p atient was diagnosed with cutaneous MTX T-LPD. Four months after discontinuation of MTX, the skin lesions had disappeared. This is the first report of cutaneous MTX T-LPD with CD4+CD30+CD56+EBV+ tumor cells. PMID:34079630 | PMC:PMC8165712 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.