Correlation Between Anteversion and neck-Shaft Femoral Angles, For Designing Of Hip Prostheses

2016-12-03T04-56-28Z
Source: National Journal of Integrated Research in Medicine
Ehsan Golchini*, Baghermin Aeezangi**, Mohammad Barbarestani***, Tahminehmo Khtari****, Reza Pakzad*****.
Abstract: Background& Objective: Femoral neck anteversion angle (FNA) and neck-shaft angle (NSA) or inclination angle are important anatomic indicators in clinical orthopedics. Main aim of this study, is to determine correlation between FNA and NSA to prediction one of these parameters from other to designing of hip prostheses .Methods: Each femur was placed with the posterior surface of its condyles and greater trochanter touching a smooth horizontal surface (Kingsley and Olmsted method). For measurement of anteversion angle, Retrocondylar axis andfemoral neck axis were made with digital photography and with Digimizer software. For measurement of inclination angle, femoral neck axis and Diaphyseal axis were made with same manner. Results: 159 dried femora were studied. Average anteversion angle in degree for male was 12.17° (±6.83°) and in female was 15.14° (±9.17°). According to this study, in left male femur, for one degree increase in NSA, FNA grows 0.38°; in right male femur, for one degree increase in NSA, FNA grows 0.74°; in right female femur, for on degree increase in NSA, FNA grows 1.55°.Interpretation& Conclusion: In this research, we found that there is a meaningful positive relationship between FNA and NSA, to prediction on of them from the other. This relationship is seen in male femur (right and left) and Female femur (just right). [Ehsan golchini NJIRM 2016; 7(5): 25-32]


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Correlation Between Anteversion and neck-Shaft Femoral Angles, For Designing Of Hip Prostheses

2016-12-03T04-56-28Z
Source: National Journal of Integrated Research in Medicine
Ehsan Golchini*, Baghermin Aeezangi**, Mohammad Barbarestani***, Tahminehmo Khtari****, Reza Pakzad*****.
Abstract: Background& Objective: Femoral neck anteversion angle (FNA) and neck-shaft angle (NSA) or inclination angle are important anatomic indicators in clinical orthopedics. Main aim of this study, is to determine correlation between FNA and NSA to prediction one of these parameters from other to designing of hip prostheses .Methods: Each femur was placed with the posterior surface of its condyles and greater trochanter touching a smooth horizontal surface (Kingsley and Olmsted method). For measurement of anteversion angle, Retrocondylar axis andfemoral neck axis were made with digital photography and with Digimizer software. For measurement of inclination angle, femoral neck axis and Diaphyseal axis were made with same manner. Results: 159 dried femora were studied. Average anteversion angle in degree for male was 12.17° (±6.83°) and in female was 15.14° (±9.17°). According to this study, in left male femur, for one degree increase in NSA, FNA grows 0.38°; in right male femur, for one degree increase in NSA, FNA grows 0.74°; in right female femur, for on degree increase in NSA, FNA grows 1.55°.Interpretation& Conclusion: In this research, we found that there is a meaningful positive relationship between FNA and NSA, to prediction on of them from the other. This relationship is seen in male femur (right and left) and Female femur (just right). [Ehsan golchini NJIRM 2016; 7(5): 25-32]


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A study of effect of acute and chronic administration of aqueous extract of Calotropis procera leaves on maximal electroshock induced seizures in rats

2016-12-03T00-47-19Z
Source: International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology
Megha Madhyastha, Smita Shenoy, Vagdevi Hangarakatte Ramachandra, Rajappayya Desai, Amod Tilak, Meena Kumari, Manjunath Shetty.
Background: The effect of acute and chronic administration of aqueous extract of leaves of Calotropis procera on maximal electroshock (MES) induced seizures in rats was evaluated. Methods: Four groups of wistar rats were treated with distilled water 10 mL/kg (oral), phenytoin 25 mg/kg (intraperitoneal), 250mg/kg (oral) and 500mg/kg (oral) of aqueous extract of leaves of C procera, respectively in both acute and chronic studies. For producing maximal electroshock seizures, an electroconvulsiometer was used to deliver an electric stimulus of 150mA for 0.2 sec. The duration of hind limb extension (HLE) and seizures were noted in seconds (sec). In the acute study, the shock was given 1 h after administration of drugs. For the chronic study, all drugs were administered for 6 weeks. One hour after the last dose of drugs, the shock was administered. Data was analyzed by one way ANOVA followed by Tukeys post hoc test. Results: There was a significant decrease in the duration of hind limb extension, and convulsions as compared to control following acute (p


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The effect of fexofenadine, a newer second-generation antihistaminic, on phenobarbitone sleeping time and its comparison with terfenadine, astemizole and cetirizine in albino rats

2016-12-02T09-51-39Z
Source: National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Suresha K R, Suryanarayana R Babushaw.
Background: The second-generation antihistaminic fexofenadine has been claimed to be superior to terfenadine and cetirizine, in possessing the negligible sedating property and can be safely given to pilots and drivers. Here, it is a study that compares the sedative property of fexofenadine to terfenadine, astemizole, and cetirizine by phenobarbitone induced sleeping time in albino rats. Aims and Objectives: To evaluate the nonsedative antihistaminic action of fexofenadine and comparing it with cetirizine, terfenadine, and astemizole. Materials and Methods: A total of 90 albino rats of either sex weighing 100-200 g were selected and randomly divided into nine equal groups. At 0 h phenobarbitone 40 mg/kg is injected intraperitoneal to the rats. The animals are placed on their backs, and duration of loss of righting reflex is measured. Each rat was pretreated at −1 h with the drugs orally using orogastric tube. The different groups are as follows: Group 1 was given distilled water; Groups 2-9 were given with fexofenadine 20 mg and 40 mg/kg. Terfenadine 20 mg and 40 mg/kg, cetirizine 2 mg and 4 mg/kg, and astemizole 2 mg and 4 mg/kg body weight, respectively, and data are statistically analyzed by unpaired t-test and ANOVA. Results: The mean phenobarbitone sleep time duration of fexofenadine (20 mg and 40 mg) is comparable to placebo and is less sedative. This study shows cetirizine produces longer duration of sleep (P

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Analysis of commonly used pediatric systemic antibacterial liquid formulations for rational drug therapy

2016-12-02T09-51-39Z
Source: National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Payal P Naik, Chaitali D Mehta, Sachendra K Srivastava.
Background: Antibiotics are frequently prescribed medication. When drugs are dispensed in form of syrups or suspensions, appropriate volume should be dispensed in a bottle otherwise, it may result into wastage of drug, inadequate treatment, and resistance and also increased cost of treatment. Aims and Objective: The aim of our study was to analyze systemic antibacterial liquid formulations to ascertain the availability of adequate strength, volume dispensed for adequate treatment. Materials and Methods: The commonly available (IDR triple, Issue 2, 2016) oral liquid antibacterial formulations were analyzed. According to the weight of child (for 12 and 18 kg), amount of drug and requirement of number of bottles for 5 days were calculated. Results: Majority of manufacturers have dispensed inadequate volume of antibacterial drugs which was not sufficient for one course of therapy. For example, most of the formulations of cephalexin, cefixime, cefpodoxime, and amoxicillin + clavulanic acid were available in dispensing volume of 30 ml. This results into inadequate dose, wastage of drug (residual volume), resistance, and unnecessary social and financial burden to the patient. Hence, more number of bottles shall be required to complete a course of antibiotic. Conclusion: The dispensing volume of oral liquid dosage forms of most of the formulations were inadequate and thus, minimum amount dispensed should be 60 ml or as applicable for an antibiotic.


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Clinicopathological correlation of serum prostate specific antigen levels in patients of prostatomegaly in a tertiary care hospital

2016-12-02T09-16-04Z
Source: International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health
Vitesh Popli, Amit Rajan, Sonali Bose, Amit Kamewad.
Background: In clinical practice, biopsies are generally performed only when the results of a prostate specific antigen (PSA) test or digital rectal examination (DRE) are abnormal. This leads to misdiagnosis of most small prostatic cancers present in many older men. Patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) who have serum PSA levels higher than 4 ng/ml are primarily advised to undergo prostate biopsy to rule out cancer. However, PSA is organ specific but not cancer specific, so the presence of other prostate diseases such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and prostatitis may influence its effectiveness for cancer detection. Hence, the PSA-based prostate cancer detection is fraught with high false-positive rate. Objectives: The use of Serum PSA levels for the early detection of prostate cancer and evaluate its role with other modalities for diagnosis of prostate cancer and to diagnose different diseases of prostate, i.e., prostatitis, BPH in prostatomegaly, and its correlation with serum PSA levels. Materials and Methods: This prospective descriptive study was conducted in Command Hospital (EC), Kolkata, West Bengal, India, in the period of June 2011 to June 2013. The patients were selected from the outdoor of Department of Urology and General Surgery. Institutional Ethical Committee Clearance and informed consent of all patients were obtained. 101 men at or >50 years of age presenting with LUTS specifically attributed to prostate problems were included in the study. Men with calcified or fibrotic prostate, with skeletal or distant metastasis or LUTS caused by any urological malignancy and who had previous prostatic surgery or pelvic radiotherapy or complications of urinary obstruction, were excluded from the study. Results: A total of 101 male patients presenting with LUTS were included. Their mean age was 68.66 years. The majority, i.e., 49 (48.5%) of the study group were in the age group of 61-70 years. 52 (51.5%) of patients had serum PSA


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Study of clinico-epidemiological profile, drug utilization pattern, and outcome of swine flu cases: A recent epidemic in Latur

2016-12-02T09-16-04Z
Source: International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health
Aruna Gurung, Jugalkishor Bhavarlal Jaju, Shrikant Chandrakant Dharmadhikari, Ganesh Ramkrishna Pawar, Rajvardhan Rameshrao Solunke.
Background: Swine flu, an acute respiratory tract disease, is caused by swine flu virus. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the H1N1 pandemic in June 2009 after more than 70 countries reported cases of H1N1 infection. Since 2009-2014, 59,677 cases and 4141 deaths have been reported in India. Objective: To study the clinico-epidemiological profile, drug utilization pattern, and outcome of H1N1 positive cases admitted to swine flu ward from January 2015 to September 2015 at a tertiary care hospital in Latur. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted from January 2015 to September 2015 at Government Medical College (GMC), Latur. Clinicoepidemiological profile, treatment details, and outcome of the patients were recorded. Prescription pattern was analyzed using the WHO International Network for Rational Use of Drug use indicators. Results: A total of 52 swine flu positive cases were admitted to GMC, Latur, out of which 38 (73.07%) were female patients and 14 (26.92%) were male patients. Total numbers of drugs prescribed were 267. The most common antimicrobial prescribed was oseltamivir. Total drugs prescribed from the National List of Essential Medicine 2015 were 98 (36.70%). Conclusion: This study is an attempt to know the clinico-epidemiological profile, drug utilization pattern, and outcome in swine flu positive patients. A good adherence to the WHO guideline for clinical management of swine flu cases, the Joint Indian Chest Society and the National College of Chest Physician guidelines, and the WHO Essential Drug List was seen in our study. However, prescription with the brand name, polypharmacy, and excessive use of fixed dose combinations are a matter of concern.


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