Τρίτη 13 Σεπτεμβρίου 2022

RECENT HYBRID PLASMA BETTER NEUTRALIZES OMICRON SUBLINEAGES THAN OLD HYPERIMMUNE SERUM

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Identity-by-descent analysis of CMTX3 links three families through a common founder

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Voriconazole‐induced severe skin allergy and neurological adverse event in a liver failure patient: A case report

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Voriconazole-induced severe skin allergy and neurological adverse event in a liver failure patient: A case report

Severe allergy and neurological adverse events were appeared on the 19th day, which was the next day after voriconazole injection. The adverse events were alleviated after voriconazole withdraw for 1 week. VCZ: voriconazole, 0.4 g on the 18th day, followed by 0.2 g once daily, ALP: alprazolam, 0.2 g, per night, PT: piperacillin-tazobactam, 2.5 g every 12 h, IC: Imipenem cilastatin, 0.5 g every 8 hours, ENT: entecavir, 0.5 mg once daily, ADE: ademetionine, 0.25 g once daily, VAN: Vancomycin, 1 g every 12 h.


Abstract

What Is Known and Objective

Triazole antifungal-associated severe skin allergy has received little attention. Here we report a case of an acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) patient with diffused skin allergy pervading from the chest, abdomen, back, knees to perineum, with red colour and partially desquamation as well as a neurological adverse (insomnia) event after voriconazole treatment.

Case Summary

A 40-year-old man with liver failure in our hospital had received voriconazole for invasive fungal infection therapy, and while waiting for liver transplantation exhibited a severe diffuse rash and a neurological adverse event.

What Is New and Conclusion

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a liver failure patient who suffered a severe allergy accompanied with a neurological adverse event after voriconazole administration.

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Impact of Ischemia Duration on Lower Limb Salvage in Combat Casualties

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader
imageIntroduction: The 6-hour threshold to revascularization of an ischemic limb is ubiquitous in the trauma literature, however, contemporary evidence suggests that this threshold should be less. This study aims to characterize the relationship between the duration of limb ischemia and successful limb salvage following lower extremity arterial trauma. Methods: This is a cohort study of the United States and UK military service members injured while serving in Iraq or Afghanistan between 2003 and 2013. Consecutive patients who sustained iliac, femoral, or popliteal artery injuries, and underwent surgery to attempt revascularization, were included. The association between limb outcome and the duration of limb ischemia was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: One hundred twenty-two patients (129 limbs) who sustained iliac (2.3%), femoral (56.6%), and popliteal (41.1%) arterial injuries were included. Overall, 87 limbs (67.4%) were successfully salvaged. The probability of limb salvage was 86.0% when ischemia was ≤1 hour; 68.3% when between 1 and 3 hours; 56.3% when between 3 and 6 hours; and 6.7% when >6 hours (P
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A Novel Nonantibiotic Gut-directed Strategy to Prevent Surgical Site Infections

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader
imageObjective: To determine the efficacy of an orally delivered phosphate-rich polymer, Pi-PEG, to prevent surgical site infection (SSI) in a mouse model of spontaneous wound infection involving gut-derived pathogens. Background: Evidence suggests that pathogens originating from the gut microbiota can cause postoperative infection via a process by which they silently travel inside an immune cell and contaminate a remote operative site (Trojan Horse Hypothesis). Here, we hypothesize that Pi-PEG can prevent SSIs in a novel model of postoperative SSIs in mice. Methods: Mice were fed either a standard chow diet (high fiber/low fat, SD) or a western-type diet (low fiber/high fat, WD), and exposed to antibiotics (oral clindamycin/intraperitoneal cefoxitin). Groups of mice had Pi-PEG added to their drinking water and SSI incidence was determined. Gross clinical infections wound cultures and amplicon sequence variant analysis of the intestinal contents and wound were assessed to determine the incidence and source of the developing SSI. Results: In this model, consumption of a WD and exposure to antibiotics promoted the growth of SSI pathogens in the gut and their subsequent presence in the wound. Mice subjected to this model drinking water spiked with Pi-PEG were protected against SSIs via mechanisms involving modulation of the gut-wound microbiome. Conclusions: A nonantibiotic phosphate-rich polymer, Pi-PEG, added to the drinking water of mice prevents SSIs and may represent a more sustainable approach in lieu of the current trend of greater sterility and the use of more powerful and broader antibiotic coverage.
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Rapid Additive Manufacturing of a Superlight Obturator for Large Oronasal Fistula in Pediatric Patient

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Rapid Additive Manufacturing of a Superlight Obturator for Large Oronasal Fistula in Pediatric Patient

This study developed a novel digital workflow to fabricate a 3D printed hollow obturator for the prosthetic reconstruction of palatal fistula. It will provide cleft surgeons and therapists a choice for treating children with large palatal fistula before the appropriate age for surgical reconstruction. Laryngoscope, 2022


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Δευτέρα 12 Σεπτεμβρίου 2022

Assessing transmission risks and control strategy for monkeypox as an emerging zoonosis in a metropolitan area

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Abstract

Objective

To model the spread of Monkeypox (MPX) in a metropolitan area for assessing the risk of possible outbreaks, and identifying essential public health measures to contain the virus spread.

Methods

The animal reservoir is the key element in the modelling of a zoonotic disease. Using a One Health approach, we model the spread of the MPX virus in humans considering potential animal hosts such as rodents (e.g., rats, mice, squirrels, chipmunks, etc.) and emphasize their role and transmission of the virus in a high-risk group, including gay and bisexual men-who-have-sex-with-men (gbMSM). From model and sensitivity analysis, we identify key public health factors and present scenarios under different transmission assumptions.

Findings

We find that the MPX virus may spill over from gbMSM high-risk groups to broader populations if efficiency of transmission increases in the higher-risk group. However, the risk of outbreak can be greatly reduced if at least 65% of symptomatic cases can be isolated and their contacts traced and quarantined. In addition, infections in an animal reservoir will exacerbate MPX transmission risk in the human population.

Conclusion

Regions or communities with a higher proportion of gbMSM individuals need greater public health attention. Tracing and quarantine (or "effective quarantine" by post-exposure vaccination) of contacts with MPX cases in high-risk groups would have a significant effect on controlling the spreading. Also, monitoring for animal infections would be prudent.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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