Complexity analysis of head movements in autistic toddlers

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Complexity analysis of head movements in autistic toddlers via Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry Background Early differences in sensorimotor functioning have been documented in young autistic children and infants who are later diagnosed with autism. Previous research has demonstrated that autistic toddlers exhibit more frequent head movement when viewing dynamic audiovisual stimuli, compared to neurotypical toddlers. To further explore this behavioral characteristic, in this study, computer vision (CV) analysis was used to measure several aspects of head movement dynamics of autistic and neurotypical toddlers while they watched a set of brief movies with social and nonsocial content presented on a tablet. Methods Data were collected from 457 toddlers, 17–36 months old, during their well-child visit to four pediatric primary care clinics. Forty-one toddlers were subsequently diagnosed with autism. An application (app) displayed several brief movies on a tablet, and the toddlers watched these movies while sitting on their caregiver's lap. The front-facing camera in the tablet recorded the toddlers' behavioral responses. CV was used to measure the participants' head movement rate, movement acceleration, and complexity using multiscale entropy. Results Autistic toddlers exhibited significantly higher rate, acceleration, and complexity in their head movements while watching the movies compared to neurotypical toddlers, regardless of the type of movie content (social vs. nonsocial). The combined features of head movement acceleration and complexity reliably distinguished the autistic and neurotypical toddlers. Conclusions Autistic toddlers exhibit differences in their head movement dynamics when viewing audiovisual stimuli. Higher complexity of their head movements suggests that their movements were less predictable and less stable compared to neurotypical toddlers. CV offers a scalable means of detecting subtle differences in head movement dynamics, which may be helpful in identifying early behaviors associated with autism and providing insight into the nature of sensorimotor differences associated with autism. View on Web

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Accuracy of reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction and loop‐mediated isothermal amplification in diagnosing severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Accuracy of reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction and loop‐mediated isothermal amplification in diagnosing severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome: A systematic review and meta‐analysis via Journal of Medical Virology Abstract Background Nucleic acid molecular diagnostic technology plays an important role in the detection of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS). However, no relevant reports have been published on the accuracy of reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) in the diagnosis of SFTS. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review to evaluate the accuracy of the two methods. Methods On June 19, 2022, we comprehensively searched the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scoups, Ovid, Proquest, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, Wan Fang Data, Traditional Chinese Medicine Database (Sinomed), VIP Database and Reading Showing Database for articles on nucleic acid diagnostic techniques, such as RT-PCR and RT-LAMP, used to diagnose SFTS. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA 14.0 and Meta-Disc 1.4. Results Sixteen a rticles involving 2942 clinical blood samples were included in the analysis. RT-PCR and RT-LAMP were used as index tests, whereas RT-PCR or other detection methods were used as reference standards. The pooled values for the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios of the RT-PCR test were 0.97 (95% CI: 0.92, 0.99), 1.00 (95% CI: 0.98, 1.00), 483.87 (95% CI: 58.04, 4033.76), and 0.03 (95% CI:0.01, 0.08) respectively. Those for the RT-LAMP test were 0.95 (95% CI: 0.91, 0.97), 0.99 (95% CI: 0.93, 1.00), 111.18 (95% CI: 13.96, 885.27), and 0.05 (95% CI: 0.03, 0.09), respectively. Conclusion Both RT-PCR and RT-LAMP have high diagnostic value in SFTS and can be applied in different scenarios for laboratory confirmation or on-site screening. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on Web

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ELANE neutropenia and solid tumors: Four cases from the French severe chronic neutropenia registry

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader ELANE neutropenia and solid tumors: Four cases from the French severe chronic neutropenia registry via Pediatric Blood & Cancer Abstract Neutropenia related to ELANE gene mutations predisposes patients to infection and leukemia/myelodysplasia, but little is known about the predisposition to cancer. Among a cohort of 147 patients, we identified four with malignant solid tumors (papillary thyroid cancer, anal squamous cell cancer, papillary renal cell carcinoma, and adrenocortical carcinoma), all aged 25–50 years. Three occurred with cyclic neutropenia, and one occurred with severe chronic neutropenia. Previous radiotherapy was identified as a risk factor in one patient. No genetic predisposition was identified in the three other patients. View on Web

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Investigations Into Obesity and the Risk of Malignant Disease in Pediatric Thyroid Nodules—Reply

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Investigations Into Obesity and the Risk of Malignant Disease in Pediatric Thyroid Nodules—Reply via JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery Current Issue In Reply We thank Gallant et al for their interest in our recent publication regarding the association of body mass index (BMI) with thyroid cancer in children with thyroid nodules. We agree that differences in design may account for some discrepancies between our study and theirs. Different methods of calculating BMI z-scores might play a role, although our selection of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention nomograms reflects their wide use in clinical practice. Similarly, our use of nodule diameter rather than nodule volume reflects current recommendations for thyroid nodule evaluation, and is unlikely to be relevant given the excellent correlation of these measures in our cohort (r = 0.97; 95% CI, 0.96-0.97). View on Web

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Sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitor‐induced euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis: A case report

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitor‐induced euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis: A case report via Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics SGLT-2i-induced euDKA. View on Web

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The Interplay of Long Non‐Coding RNAs and Hepatitis B Virus

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader The Interplay of Long Non‐Coding RNAs and Hepatitis B Virus via Journal of Medical Virology ABSTRACT Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infections remain a major global health burden with an estimated 296 million people living with a chronic infection and 884,00 HBV-related deaths annually. Notably, patients with a chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection are at a 30-fold greater risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the 3rd deadliest cancer worldwide. Several groups have assessed HBV-related aberrant expression of host-cell long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and how altered expression of specific lncRNAs affects HBV replication and progression to associated disease states. Given the challenges in establishing effective HBV models and analyzing transcriptomic data, this review focuses on lncRNA expression data primarily collected from clinical patient samples and primary human hepatocytes (PHHs), with subsequent mechanism of action analysis in cell lines or other model systems. Ultimately, understanding HBV-induced lncRNA-expression dysregulation could lead to new treatments and biomarkers for HBV infection and its associated diseases. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on Web

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A Phase I/II Study of Intrathecal Trastuzumab in HER-2 Positive Cancer with Leptomeningeal Metastases: Safety, Efficacy, and Cerebrospinal Fluid Pharmacokinetics

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader A Phase I/II Study of Intrathecal Trastuzumab in HER-2 Positive Cancer with Leptomeningeal Metastases: Safety, Efficacy, and Cerebrospinal Fluid Pharmacokinetics via Neuro-Oncology Advance Access Abstract Background Patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2-positive) cancers have a high incidence of central nervous system (CNS) spread, but unfortunately systemic trastuzumab which targets the HER2 receptor has little CNS penetration. The purpose of this study was to determine the maximum tolerated dose of intrathecal trastuzumab and its efficacy in patients with HER2-positive LMD. Methods This multicenter study enrolled 34 LMD patients in a combined Phase I/II study in treating patients with intrathecal trastuzumab. Any HER2-positive histology was allowed in the Phase I; the Phase II was limited to HER2-positive breast cancer. Results Intrathecal trastuzumab was well tolerated, with one dose limiting toxicity of grade 4 (arachnoiditis) occurring at the 80 mg twice weekly dose. The recommended Phase II dose was 80 mg intrathecally twice weekly. Twenty-six patients at dose level 80mg w ere included in evaluation for efficacy: partial response was seen in 5 (19.2%) patients, stable disease was observed in 13 (50.0%), and 8 (30.8%) of the patients had progressive disease. Median overall survival (OS) for Phase 2 dose treated patients was 8.3 months (95% CI 5.2 to 19.6). The Phase II HER2-positive breast cancer patients median OS was 10.5 months (95% CI 5.2 to 20.9). Pharmacokinetic (PK) studies were limited in the setting of concurrent systemic trastuzumab administration, however, did show stable CSF concentrations with repeated dosing suggest that trastuzumab does not accumulate in the CSF in toxic concentrations. Conclusion This study suggests promise for potentially improved outcomes of HER-positive LMD patients when treated with intrathecal trastuzumab while remaining safe and well-tolerated for patients. View on Web

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