Impact of gastroplasty on salivary characteristics, dental health status and oral sensory aspects: a controlled clinical study

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Impact of gastroplasty on salivary characteristics, dental health status and oral sensory aspects: a controlled clinical study via Journal of Oral Rehabilitation Abstract Background Saliva is a non-invasive source of biomarkers useful in the study of different pathophysiological conditions. The qualitative and quantitative study of saliva, as well as the assessment of oral health, can be particularly useful for a better understanding of obesity due to its importance in the food oral perception and ingestion. Objectives To evaluate the effect of treatment of morbid obesity (dietary counselling versus gastroplasty) on salivary characteristics, oral sensory perception and dental health in a controlled study. Methods 73 adults (60 females; 19-59 years) with morbid obesity were divided in: Control group (CG; n=34) followed-up during a 6-months dietary program, and Gastroplasty group (GG; n=39) evaluated immediately before, 3, and 6 months after gastroplasty. Dietary habits, Oral Health Impact Profile and xerostomia complaints were investigated by interview. The clinical examination included anthropometric and caries experience evaluation. Salivary flow rate, buffering capacity, total protein and alpha-amylase levels, and sensitivity for the 4 basic tastes were assessed. Two-way mixed model and sign test were applied. Results Physical and clinical aspects did not differ between groups in the beginning of the study, and GG showed a rapid weight loss after surgery (p<0.001). An improvement in most of the dietary aspects was observed, especially in the GG. A worsening in the dental health status was observed over time in both groups, with an increase in the number of filled and decayed teeth. CG showed a better oral health-related quality of life, while xerostomia complains increased in GG after gastroplasty. Salivary flow rate remained stable in both groups, but a decrease in buffering capacity, total protein, and alpha-amylase activity was observed in GG after 6-months; taste sensitivity increased from baseline to 6-months in GG (p<0.05). Conclusion After 6-months of follow-up, patients undergoing gastroplasty presented an improvement in dietary habits and taste sensitivity. However, changes in saliva composition and a worsening in dental health status and xerostomia complaints were also observed. View on Web

Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Comparative effectiveness and stage‐shift effect of endoscopic exam among newly diagnosed oral cancer patients with different stages in Taiwan

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Comparative effectiveness and stage‐shift effect of endoscopic exam among newly diagnosed oral cancer patients with different stages in Taiwan via Head & Neck Abstract Background Patients with oral cancer are at higher risk of developing second primary esophageal cancer (SPEC) and the consensus for screening strategies remains unclear. This study aimed to examine comparative effectiveness and the stage-shift effect of endoscopic exam among patients with oral cancer. Method A population-based longitudinal retrospective observational matched case and control cohort study with at least 5 years follow-up was conducted. We identified 45 457 newly diagnosed patients with oral cancer, 2004–2013, and the eligible patient with oral cancer was 39 401. Propensity score matching was used to match comparable groups, and the two groups (screening vs. nonscreening) was 5941, individually. The study primary endpoints were to compare detection of incident SPEC and the stage-shift effect of endoscopic screening between screened and nonscreened incident oral cancer patients. Cox proportional hazard and competing risk models were analyzed. Statistical analyses were conducted in 2020–2021. Result Detection of incident SPEC in the screened group was significantly higher than in the nonscreened group (hazard ratio: 2.92, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.29–3.72). The stage-shift effect from endoscopic screening was found overall in patients with oral cancer (odds ratio [OR]: 0.39, 95%CI: 0.21–0.70), in particular in advanced-stage patients (OR: 0.25, 95%CI: 0.11–0.61), but not in early-stage patients (OR: 0.60, 95%CI: 0.26–1.40). Conclusion This study confirmed that endoscopic screening achieved early detection of SPEC among patients with oral cancer. To improve the screening stage-shift effect, patients with oral cancer are encouraged to undergo routine endoscopic screening. View on Web

Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Kidney transplant from hepatitis C viremic donors into aviremic recipients and risk for post‐transplant BK and CMV infection

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Kidney transplant from hepatitis C viremic donors into aviremic recipients and risk for post‐transplant BK and CMV infection via Transplant Infectious Disease Abstract Background kidney transplantation from HCV-viremic donors to uninfected recipients is associated with excellent short-term outcomes. However, HCV viremia might be associated with an increased risk for post-transplant viral complications. Methods We designed a retrospective study of HCV-negative kidney-only transplant recipients between 2018 and 2020. Recipients were grouped into group 1; HCV-negative donors, and group 2; HCV-viremic donors. Patients were matched 1:1 using propensity score. Primary objectives were to compare the incidence of CMV viremia ≥ 200 ml/IU, and BK viremia ≥1000 copies/ml between the groups. Secondary outcomes included group comparison of CMV disease, BK viremia ≥10,000 copies/ml, and one year patient and allograft survival. Results The study included 634 patients in group 1, and 71 patients in group 2. 65 pairs of patients were matched. Incidence of CMV viremia (33.3% vs 40.0%, p = 0.4675), and BK viremia (15.9% vs 27.7%, P = 0.1353) did not differ significantly between groups in the matched cohort. Incidence of CMV disease (81.0% Vs 76.9%; p = 1.000), and BK viremia ≥10,000 copies/ml (9.5% vs 16.9%, p = 0.2987) were comparable between groups. There was no difference in the one-year patient or allograft survival between groups. Conclusion kidney transplant from HCV-viremic donors is not associated with increased risk for BK or CMV viremia. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved View on Web

Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Changes in Cough Airflow and Acoustics After Injection Laryngoplasty

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Changes in Cough Airflow and Acoustics After Injection Laryngoplasty via The Laryngoscope We explored the following hypotheses in a cohort of patients undergoing injection laryngoplasty: (1) glottic insufficiency affects voluntary cough airflow dynamics and restoring glottic competence may improve parameters of cough strength, (2) cough strength can be inferred from cough acoustic signal, and (3) glottic competence changes cough sounds and correlates with spectrogram morphology. Our study thus indicates that injection laryngoplasty may help avert aspiration in patients with glottic insufficiency by improving cough effectiveness and that improved cough airflow measures may be tracked with cough sounds. Objective/Hypothesis We explored the following hypotheses in a cohort of patients undergoing injection laryngoplasty: (1) glottic insufficiency affects voluntary cough airflow dynamics and restoring glottic competence may improve parameters of cough strength, (2) cough strength can be inferred from cough acoustic signal, and (3) glottic competence changes cough sounds and correlates with spectrogram morphology. Study Type/Design Prospective interventional study. Methods Subjects with glottic insufficiency secondary to unilateral vocal fold paresis, paralysis, or atrophy, and scheduled for injection laryngoplasty completed an instrumental assessment of voluntary cough airflow using a pneumotachometer and a protocolized voluntary cough sound recording. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare the differences between pre- and post-injection laryngoplasty in airflow and acoustic measures. A Spearman rank-order correlation was used to evaluate the association between airflow and acoustic cough measures. Results Twenty-five patients (13F:12M, mean age 68.8) completed voluntary cough airflow measurements and 22 completed cough sound recordings. Following injection laryngoplasty, patients had a statistically significant decreased peak expiratory flow rise time (PEFRT) (mean change: −0.03 s, SD: 0.06, p = 0.04) and increased cough volume acceleration (mean change: 13.1 L/s2, SD: 33.9, p = 0.03), suggesting improved cough effectiveness. Correlation of cough acoustic measures with airflow measures showed a weak relationship between PEFRT and acoustic energy (coefficient: −0.31, p = 0.04) and peak power density (coefficient: −0.35, p = 0.02). Conclusions Our study thus indicates that injection laryngoplasty may help avert aspiration in patients with glottic insufficiency by improving cough effectiveness and that improved cough airflow measures may be tracked with cough sounds. Level of Evidence 3 Laryngoscope, 2022 View on Web

Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

De‐Novo Depression, Prophylactic Antidepressant, and Survival in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader De‐Novo Depression, Prophylactic Antidepressant, and Survival in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer via The Laryngoscope Kaplan-Meier Survival Curve Modeled for Time to Death from Enrollment stratified by Primary Outcome of Moderate or Greater Depression. Objective To study the association between the development of moderate or greater depression during curative-intent therapy and overall survival (OS) in patients with stages II-IV head and neck cancer (HNC). Methods In this secondary analysis of a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial, of 148 eligible participants diagnosed with stages II-IV HNC but without baseline depression, 125 were evaluable and were randomly allocated to prophylactic escitalopram oxalate (n = 60) or placebo (n = 65). Participants were followed for development of moderate or greater depression, using Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self Report (QIDS-SR, range 0–27, score ≥11 indicated moderate or greater depression), and were stratified by demographics; cancer site and stage; and primary treatment modality (surgery with or without radiotherapy vs. radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy). Single variable and multivariable Cox proportional-hazard models were used to evaluate differences in OS. Results Clinically significant depression developed in 22 of 125 patients (17.6%) during HNC treatment. The mean follow-up was 5.0 years (SD 2.4). OS was similar for patient groups, when stratified by development of moderate or greater depression (HR 0.54 [CI, 0.21–1.43]) or use of prophylactic antidepressant (HR 0.64 [CI, 0.34–1.21]). Conclusion There was no significant association between OS and development of moderate or greater depression in patients being treated for stages II-IV HNC, or between OS and use of prophylactic antidepressant escitalopram. Prophylactic antidepressant may be considered in patients with HNC for prevention of clinically significant depression and may offer improved quality of life outcomes. Level of Evidence II Laryngoscope, 2022 View on Web

Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

VEGF and VEGFR family members are expressed by neoplastic cells of NF1-associated tumors and may play an oncogenic role in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor growth through an autocrine loop

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader VEGF and VEGFR family members are expressed by neoplastic cells of NF1-associated tumors and may play an oncogenic role in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor growth through an autocrine loop via Annals of Diagnostic Pathology Publication date: Available online 23 June 2022 Source: Annals of Diagnostic Pathology Author(s): Benjamin Bonsang, Laurent Maksimovic, Pascale Maille, Nadine Martin, Ingrid Laurendeau, Eric Pasmant, Ivan Bièche, Justin Deschamps, Pierre Wolkenstein, Nicolas Ortonne View on Web

Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Bilateral upper extremity motor priming (BUMP) plus task-specific training for severe, chronic upper limb hemiparesis: study protocol for a randomized clinical trial

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Bilateral upper extremity motor priming (BUMP) plus task-specific training for severe, chronic upper limb hemiparesis: study protocol for a randomized clinical trial via Trials - Latest Articles Various priming techniques to enhance neuroplasticity have been examined in stroke rehabilitation research. Most priming techniques are costly and approved only for research. Here, we describe a priming techni... View on Web

Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.