Impact of Site, Size and Duration of Tympanic Membrane Perforation on Hearing Loss and Postsurgical Outcome

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Impact of Site, Size and Duration of Tympanic Membrane Perforation on Hearing Loss and Postsurgical Outcome Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract This paper aims to assess correlation of site, size and duration of tympanic membrane perforation with hearing loss using pure tone audiogram and surgical outcome in terms of above parameters. The present study was conducted on 100 patients in Department of ENT and HNS, SMGS Hospital, Government Medical College Jammu during a time period of November 2018 to October 2019. All the patients with age 15–60 years who presented with tympanic membrane (pars tensa) perforation were included in the study. According to the size of perforation, mean pure tone threshold in group I was 20.87 ± 3.86 dB, in group II was 26.45 ± 6.08 dB and in group III was 32.6 ± 5.56 dB. The difference in hearing threshold between all the three groups was significant statistically. In terms of site, group E had maximum hearing threshold (34.67 ± 4.20 dB), followed by group B (32.71 ± 5.88 dB). Group A had the lowest hearing threshold of 24.99 ± 6.21 dB. The difference between hearing thresholds of group B perforations and group A perforations was statistically significant (p < 0.05). However, the difference between group E and group B was insignificant. This study has shown significant correlation between the size and the site of the perforation to the degree of hearing loss. The bigger the perforation, the greater the hearing loss. The central perforations were associated with more hearing loss than posterior perforations, thus refuting the hypothesis that site and size of a tympanic membrane perforation does not affect the degree of conductive hearing loss. This study did not show any correlation between duration of disease and degree of hearing loss. Surgical and audiometric results obtained in this study can be accepted as satisfactory and as expected by the literature. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Translation and validation of the Voice Handicap Index in Tamil language

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Translation and validation of the Voice Handicap Index in Tamil language Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract Voice Handicap Index (VHI) is the most commonly used tool to assess the quality of life in voice disordered patients. A validated Tamil language version of VHI is not developed yet. Hence, this study was undertaken to translate and validate the Voice Handicap Index in Tamil language, which can potentially benefit Tamil speaking patients with voice disorders. This was a translation and tool validation study done at a tertiary care teaching hospital using an analytical, follow up design according to WHO guidelines. Dysphonic (Group A) and Normal (Group B) respondents were purposively invited to fill a self administered VHI-Tamil questionnaire. The content validity, response process validity, internal consistency and clinical validity of the questionnaire was calculated using appropriate statistical analysis methods using SPSS version 24.0 software. Out of 117 respondents, 61 respondents were dysphonic (Group A) and 56 respondents were normal (Group B). Overall inde x for content validation was over 0.84, and response process validation was 1.00 in all domains. Overall internal consistency was excellent, with Cronbach's alpha of 0.993. Excellent test–retest reliability was identified using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient (r = 0.96; p-value < 0.001). For clinical validity, a statistically significant difference between the dysphonic and the normal groups, for the overall VHI-Tamil scores and each of the three domain scores was noted. VHI-Tamil was found to be reliable and valid for assessing the quality of life in patients with voice disorders. It can be recommended for future use among Tamil speaking population. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Hormonal influence on hearing

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Hormonal influence on hearing Via hno HNO. 2021 Mar 16. doi: 10.1007/s00106-021-01019-y. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Hearing loss leads to impairments in communication, social interactions, and cognitive functions. This renders early treatment particularly important. A causal therapy is not yet available. Human and animal studies have shown that certain hormones can have a positive effect on hearing. OBJECTIVE: This review provides an overview of the effects of various hormones on hearing a nd describes the potential benefit for future therapeutic approaches. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic literature review of reviews dealing with the effects of various hormones on hearing in humans and animals published in PubMed between 2015 and 2020 was conducted. RESULTS: Hormones may mediate antiapoptotic effects on structure-relevant cells of the cochlea and auditory pathway, and may influence hair cell functionality or the electrolyte balance of the endo- and perilymph. Current research focuses on glucocorticoids; the mineral corticoid aldosterone; the sex hormones estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone; the growth hormones GH (growth hormone) and IGF‑1 (insulin-like growth factor 1); thyroid hormones; and insulin. Study results are still inconsistent at this time, but various hormones appear to represent a possible future treatment option for acute hearing loss. Long-term hormone treatment, which would be necessary particularly in the case of age-related he aring loss, does not currently represent a sensible course of action due to the side effect profile of the systemic treatment/lack of practicable topical application options. CONCLUSION: The mode of action of hormones is complex. Whether they can be used in the future for individualized treatment of patients with acute hearing impairment requires further investigation. PMID:33725160 | DOI:10.1007/s00106-021-01019-y View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Various types of vertigo and balance disorders in patients with Meniere's disease

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Various types of vertigo and balance disorders in patients with Meniere's disease Via Vestnik otorinolaringologii Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2021;86(1):90-95. doi: 10.17116/otorino20218601190. ABSTRACT Vertigo and balance disorders in Meniere's disease (MD) may have various etiology. The aim of the review is discussing pathogenetic mechanisms of the typical vertiginous paroxysms in MD, resulting from endolymphatic hydrops as well as analysis of etiology, pathogenesis, clinical course and basic treatment of paroxysmal and permanent forms of vertigo and balance disorders, caused by other conditions, associated with MD. We discussed the course of MD complicated by vestibular migraine, benign positional paroxysmal vertigo, functional dizziness, bilateral vestibulopathy and vestibular drop-attacks. PMID:33720659 | DOI:10.17116/otorino20218601190 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Small salivary glands in the paratonsillar space in children

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Small salivary glands in the paratonsillar space in children Via Vestnik otorinolaringologii Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2021;86(1):41-45. doi: 10.17116/otorino20218601141. ABSTRACT Was to study the changes in the small salivary glands in chronic tonsillitis and paratonsillar abscess in children. A histological examination of the palatine tonsils of 22 children aged 5 to 14 years old who had a paratonsillar abscess and 18 children suffering from chronic tonsillitis was carried out. Fragments of small salivary glands, located both superficially, in the mucous membrane between the stratified squamous non-keratinizing epithelium and the lymphoid tissue of the palatine tonsils, and between the muscles of the amygdala were found in 42 of the 80 (52.5%) tonsils studied. Along with the unchanged glandular structure, 26 (61.9%) samples revealed areas of destruction foci in small salivary glands with signs of inflammatory and compensatory regenerative activity. The presence of separate interlobular ducts of the salivary glands with pronounc ed periductal lymph - macrophage infiltration was noted. The subepithelial lymph-macrophage infiltrates found in the lamina propria are associated with the exit of the excretory ducts of the salivary glands to the surface of the mucous membrane. Many thin-walled veins are surrounded by perivascular lymphocellular infiltrates. The inflammatory and post-inflammatory changes in the small salivary glands revealed by us in children with chronic tonsillitis do not exclude their participation in the pathogenesis of paratonsillitis. At the same time, inflammation in the salivary gland can be both primary, as a result of its infection with live microorganisms from the tissues of the tonsil, and secondary, due to the compression of the excretory ducts by the edematous tissue of the tonsil in acute tonsillitis. PMID:33720650 | DOI:10.17116/otorino20218601141 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Neoplasms of the upper respiratory tract and ear

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Neoplasms of the upper respiratory tract and ear Via Vestnik otorinolaringologii Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2021;86(1):96-102. doi: 10.17116/otorino20218601196. ABSTRACT Neoplasms of the upper respiratory tract and ear are tumors of visual localization; however, patients often go to specialized medical institutions in the presence of a widespread tumor process. This paper presents a brief overview of the most common benign and malignant tumors with localization in the oropharynx, nasopharynx, larynx and ear. The clinical picture, diagnosis and various treatment options are presented. Attention is paid to early diagnosis and the need for timely consultation with an oncologist and doctors of related specialties. PMID:33720660 | DOI:10.17116/otorino20218601196 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Clinical observation of a patient with bilateral tuberculous otitis media developing against the background of HIV infection

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Clinical observation of a patient with bilateral tuberculous otitis media developing against the background of HIV infection Via Vestnik otorinolaringologii Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2021;86(1):11-14. doi: 10.17116/otorino20218601111. ABSTRACT The lesion of middle ear as a variant of clinical manifestation of secondary tuberculosis, according to international scientific literature, is a rare condition. However, in terms of real clinical practice, the proportion of this pathology should not be underestimated due to the wide spread of tuberculosis infection among the population of developing countries, including the Russian Federation. One of the risk factors for the systemic spread of mycobacterial flora is a concomitant HIV infection, which often acts as an opportunistic pathological agent for tuberculosis. The treatment of such a state is always challenging because of the high aggressiveness of bacteria and the low immunological resistance of the patient. This article presents a clinical case of bilateral tuberculosis otitis media, which was a manifestation of tuberculosis infection that dev eloped on the background of HIV infection. PMID:33720644 | DOI:10.17116/otorino20218601111 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.