A morphometric analysis of the suitability of the transverse cervical artery as a recipient artery in head and neck free flap microvascular reconstruction.

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A morphometric analysis of the suitability of the transverse cervical artery as a recipient artery in head and neck free flap microvascular reconstruction.

Surg Radiol Anat. 2018 Apr 09;:

Authors: Reissis M, Reissis D, Bottini GB, Messiha A, Davies DC

Abstract
PURPOSE: Gold standard recipient arteries in head and neck free flap microvascular reconstruction are currently branches of the external carotid. However, these arteries can be compromised by neck dissection or radiotherapy, resulting in 'vessel-depleted neck' and 'frozen neck' respectively. In such cases, the transverse cervical artery (TCA) may be a suitable recipient artery.
METHODS: The origin, course and diameter of the TCA were determined in 46 sides of neck from 23 cadavers. The distances from the origin of the TCA to the angle of the mandible, floor of the mouth and mandibular symphysis were measured to determine the pedicle length required for free flap anastomosis.
RESULTS: The TCA was present bilaterally in all subjects investigated and its course across the posterior triangle of the neck was constant between individuals. The mean distances from the origin of the TCA to the angle of mandible, floor of mouth and mandibular symphysis were 10.0, 9.2 and 12.6 cm, respectively. There were no significant differences in these distances between the left and right sides of the neck (p > 0.05 for all comparisons). The distances from the TCA origin to the angle of the mandible and floor of the mouth were significantly longer in males than in females (p = 0.004) and correlated directly with the greater height of males compared to females (p = 0.0004). The mean diameter of the TCA measured 2 cm from its origin was 2.2 mm.
CONCLUSION: The TCA is a suitable and reliable recipient artery for free flap microvascular reconstruction, when branches of the external carotid artery are unavailable.

PMID: 29632965 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Monte Carlo method for gamma spectrometry based on GEANT4 toolkit: Efficiency calibration of BE6530 detector

Publication date: September 2018
Source:Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, Volume 189
Author(s): Guembou Shouop Cebastien Joel, Ndontchueng Moyo Maurice, Nguelem Mekongtso Eric Jilbert, Motapon Ousmanou, Strivay David
The combination of gamma-ray spectrometry, the development of related Monte Carlo method and the GEANT4 (GEometry ANd Tracking) toolkit have been developed for gamma spectrometry simulation. The main objective was to validate simulation models of broad energy germanium (BEGe) detector geometry built in our laboratory (BE6530 model). Monte Carlo simulation of the geometry of BE6530 detector for efficiency calibration was carried out with GEANT4 toolkit. The simulated efficiencies curves using MC were compared with experimental results. Measurement uncertainties for both simulation and experimental estimations of the efficiency were assessed in order to see whether the consequences of the realistic measurement fall inside adequate cut-off points. The validation of the simulation was carried out by experimentally estimating the activity concentration in a reference sample and the comparison showed good correlation between experimental and simulation. Therefore, from the outcomes of this study, it can be concluded that Monte-Carlo simulation is a helpful, reasonable option that additionally gives more prominent adaptability, greater flexibility, precision and accuracy, and gained time when determining the detector response and efficiency in routine of environmental radioactivity monitoring.

Graphical abstract

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Direct estimation of human trabecular bone stiffness using cone-beam computed tomography

Publication date: Available online 10 April 2018
Source:Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Author(s): Eva Klintström, Benjamin Klintström, Dieter Pahr, Torkel Brismar, Örjan Smedby, Rodrigo Moreno
ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of estimating biomechanical properties of trabecular bone through finite element (FE) simulations using dental cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) data.Study designFourteen human radius specimens were scanned in three CBCT devices: 3D Accuitomo 80, NewTom 5G, and Verity. The imaging data was segmented using two different methods. Stiffness (Young's modulus), shear moduli, and the size and shape of the stiffness tensor were studied. Corresponding evaluations using micro-CT were regarded as the reference standard.ResultsThe 3D Accuitomo 80 showed good performance in estimating stiffness and shear moduli, but was sensitive to the choice of segmentation method. NewTom 5G and Verity yielded good correlations, but they were not as strong as the Accuitomo. The CBCT devices overestimated both stiffness and shear compared to the micro-CT estimations.ConclusionsFE-based calculations of biomechanics from CBCT data are feasible, with strong correlations for the Accuitomo 80 scanner combined with an appropriate segmentation method. Such measurements might be useful for predicting implant survival by in vivo estimations of bone properties.



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