Replacing zoledronic acid with denosumab is a risk factor for developing osteonecrosis of the jaw

Publication date: Available online 6 March 2018
Source:Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Author(s): Tomoko Higuchi, Yoshihiko Soga, Misato Muro, Makoto Kajizono, Yoshihisa Kitamura, Toshiaki Sendo, Akira Sasaki
ObjectiveIntravenous zoledronic acid (ZA) is often replaced with subcutaneous denosumab in bone metastatic cancer patients. Despite their different pharmacological mechanisms of action, both denosumab and ZA are effective in bone metastasis but have osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) as a side effect. ZA persists in the body almost indefinitely, while denosumab does not persist for long periods. This study evaluated the risks of developing ONJ when replacing ZA with denosumab.Study DesignA total of 161 Japanese patients administered ZA for bone metastatic cancer were enrolled in this single-center, retrospective, observational study. The risk of developing ONJ was evaluated by logistic regression analysis using the following factors: age, sex, cancer type, angiogenesis inhibitors, steroids, and replacement of ZA with denosumab.ResultsSeventeen patients (10.6%) developed ONJ. Multiple regression analysis indicated a significant difference in rate of ONJ associated with replacement of ZA with denosumab (OR = 3.81, 95% CI: 1.04 – 13.97, P = 0.043).ConclusionReplacing ZA with denosumab is a risk factor for developing ONJ. Both bisphosphonate binding to the bone and RANKL inhibition could additively increase the risk of developing ONJ. We bring the replacement of ZA with denosumab to the attention of clinical oncologists.



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A nomogram for classification of temporomandibular joint disc perforation based on magnetic resonance imaging

Publication date: Available online 6 March 2018
Source:Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Author(s): Jae-Young Kim, Kug-Jin Jeon, Myeong-Gyun Kim, Kwang-Ho Park, Jong-Ki Huh
ObjectiveTo analyze risk factors and establish a prediction model for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc perforation with a nomogram.Study DesignThe study included a total of 282 joints in 274 patients. All patients underwent open temporomandibular joint surgery after obtaining magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) from 2005 to 2015. The presence or absence of disc perforation was confirmed during the operation. Patients were classified into two groups: perforation and non-perforation. We investigated demographic data and characteristics of disc, joint space, and bone on MRI. A logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze risk factors. A nomogram was constructed and validated internally and externally.ResultsRisk factors for disc perforation were increased age, disc shape (eyeglass or amorphous), low BMS, abnormal joint space, and 2 or more bony changes in the condyle and fossa. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of the nomogram was 0.908 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.869–0.946) in the internal validation and 0.889 (95% CI, 0.804–0.973) in the external validation with good suitability.ConclusionWe were able to predict the probability of disc perforation with analyzed risk factors and constructed a nomogram, which may aid in proper diagnosis and treatment.



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EGFR is not amplified in ameloblastoma

Publication date: Available online 6 March 2018
Source:Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Author(s): Victor Costa, Eduardo Rodrigues Fregnani, Felipe Paiva da Fonseca, Fábio de Abreu Alves, Clóvis Antônio Lopes Pinto, Estela Kaminagakura
Objective.The aim of this study was to investigate alterations in the EGFR gene and its protein expression for a better understanding of the biological behavior of ameloblastoma.Study design.Twenty-five samples of ameloblastoma were selected and the dual color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay was performed. The results of FISH and immunohistochemistry reaction for EGFR and Ki67 were associated with the clinicopathological features and recurrence.Results.All analyzed cases presented disomy without any gene polysomy or amplification. Regarding to EGFR immunoexpression, 3 (12%) cases were considered negative and 22 (88%) were positive, of which 13 (52%) were weak and 9 (36%) were strong. All samples presented low positivity for Ki67. There is no association between EGFR expression and the clinicopathological features or recurrence (p > 0.05). In some cases, EGFR immunoexpression is observed without gene amplification.Conclusion.Ameloblastoma development, progression or recurrence seems not to be related with EGFR amplification or polysomy.



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Differential expression of organic cation transporter 3 in oral submucous fibrosis–associated buccal squamous cell carcinoma

Publication date: Available online 6 March 2018
Source:Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Author(s): Yue Hu, Yunmei Qian, Lu Lin, Wenxin Chen, Liudi Yang, Xin Hu, Ke Tian, Kun Xia, Tong Su
ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine the expression of organic cation transporter 3 (OCT3) in patients with oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)–associated buccal squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) and to explore its clinical significance.Study DesignA total of 56 tissue specimens were collected from patients, among which there were 13 specimens with normal buccal mucosa (NBM), 13 with oral submucous fibrosis (OSF), 10 with OSF-associated BSCC (BSCC-OSF), 10 with well-differentiated BSCC (BSCC-I), and 10 with poorly to moderately differentiated BSCC (BSCC-II+III), based on pathologic examination. The expression of OCT3 was detected by using immunohistochemistry and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.ResultsThere was a significant difference in both the protein and mRNA expression levels of OCT3 among the NBM, OSF, BSCC-OSF, BSCC-I, and BSCC-II+III groups (protein: F = 82.45 [P < .0001]; mRNA: F = 50.69 [P < .0001]). The expression of OCT3 from NBM to OSF to BSCC-OSF was gradually upregulated. In addition, as BSCC became better differentiated, the expression of OCT3 increased.ConclusionsThe expression of OCT3 was associated with OSF progression and the differentiation of BSCC. OCT3 expression may serve as a molecular marker for the prevention and early diagnosis of OSF and BSCC.



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Mixed and inhomogeneous expression profile of Th1/Th2 related cytokines detected by cytometric bead array (CBA) in saliva of patients with oral lichen planus

Publication date: Available online 6 March 2018
Source:Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Author(s): Wei Wei, Qianqian Sun, Yiwen Deng, Yufeng Wang, Guanhuan Du, Chencheng Song, Chenxi Li, Mengxue Zhu, Guoyao Tang
ObjectiveTo measure Th1/Th2 related cytokines expression in saliva from patients with oral lichen planus (OLP), compared to health controls (HC) and disease controls with recurrent aphthous ulcers (RAU).Study DesignSaliva from 41 patients with OLP, 14 HC and 14 RAU was collected for Th1/Th2-related cytokines analysis using cytometric bead array (CBA). Disease activity in OLP was recorded by Reticulation/keratosis, erythema and ulceration (REU) scores.ResultsIL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ and IFN-γ/ IL-4 in saliva were significantly higher in OLP than health control (HC) group. A positive and significant correlation between IL-6, IL-10 and REU scores in OLP groups was revealed. Significantly increased IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and IFN-γ/ IL-4 were found in RAU group.ConclusionSalivary cytokine profiles analyzed by CBA may provide a convenient research approach to OLP. Data indicated a complicated Th1/Th2 related cytokine profiles changes rather than simple dominance model in OLP. IL-10 and especially IL-6 might provide a surrogate endpoint for monitoring OLP.



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Asthmatic Exacerbation as a Cause of False-Positive Whole-Body Iodine Scan in a Patient With Treated Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Asthmatic Exacerbation as a Cause of False-Positive Whole-Body Iodine Scan in a Patient With Treated Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Clin Nucl Med. 2018 Apr;43(4):256-257

Authors: Chaussé G, Kader T, Abikhzer G, Probst S

Abstract
A 44-year-old woman was found to have new diffuse lung uptake on a follow-up whole-body I scan 1 year after being treated with surgery and radioactive iodine for papillary thyroid cancer. However, subsequent CT thorax and thyroglobulin levels were both unremarkable. Shortly after, she presented with respiratory symptoms, exhibiting end-expiratory wheezing on auscultation. Metacholine challenge test confirmed asthma. Symptoms improved under inhaled corticosteroids and beta-2 agonists. Resolution of lung uptake was confirmed on a second I imaging 6 months later.

PMID: 29504963 [PubMed - in process]

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Researching of tritium speciation in soils of “Balapan” site

Publication date: Available online 5 March 2018
Source:Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
Author(s): Z.B. Serzhanova, A.K. Aidarkhanova, S.N. Lukashenko, O.N. Lyakhova, L.V. Timonova, A.M. Raimkanova
Speciation of tritium (³Н) in soils from the "Balapan" site in Semipalatinsk are presented in this study. Three interrelated objects were chosen for further study: "Atomic" lake, the Shagan River and an external reservoir. The main speciation forms of ³Н in soil were: ³Н in surface-adsorbed water, ³Н in interlayer water, hydroxylic ³Н, organically bound ³Н and crystalline-bound ³Н.Results will allow an estimation of contamination mechanism to be made, and will also allow the potential for migration and bioavailability of ³Н to be assessed.



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