Behavior of plasma interferon-gamma with graded exercise in individuals with varied body mass index and age: Risk stratification of predisposition to inflammation

2016-11-18T08-46-40Z
Source: National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Ambarish Vijayaraghava.
Background: Increasing body mass index (BMI) and age predispose one to cardiometabolic disorders and their complications. Cardiometabolic disorders and their complications are associated with excessive inflammation leading to further exacerbation. Regular moderate exercise modulates inflammatory processes. Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine which protects against excessive inflammation. We assessed the plasma levels of IFN-γ after different grades of exercise in normal healthy individuals with variable BMI and age. Aims and Objective: To study the behavior of plasma IFN-γ with graded exercise in individuals with varied BMI and age. Materials and Methods: A total of 40 healthy volunteers (21 males and 19 females) between the ages of 18 and 35 years were enlisted into the study. Each volunteer performed a bout of moderate exercise, a bout of severe exercise, and 1 month regular moderate exercise under supervision. Mean and standard deviation (SD) of BMI was 22.26 ± 3.3 kg/m2. BMI ranged between 19 kg/m2 and 26 kg/m2. Blood samples from cubital vein were collected before a bout of moderate exercise (baseline), after moderate exercise, after a bout of severe exercise, and at the end of 1 month of regular moderate exercise. Plasma IFN-γ was measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. Results: Mean and SD of IFN-γ at baseline (no exercise) was 10.54 ± 2.21 pg/ml. After a bout of moderate exercise, its levels increased to 21.21 ± 1.34 pg/ml. Mean and SD of IFN-γ after a bout of strenuous exercise was 8.32 ± 1.45 pg/ml. The IFN-γ levels increased to 38.98 ± 2.33 pg/ml at the end of 1 month of regular moderate exercise. Its levels were higher in healthy individuals with lower BMI and lower age. But on the performance of 1 month of regular moderate exercise, the IFN-γ levels of higher age group and higher BMI came closer to that of the lower age group with lower BMI. This indicates that regular physical activity confers protection against excessive inflammation in spite of higher BMI and age. Conclusion: Although an increase in physical stress, BMI and age predispose one to inflammation, regular physical activity of moderate nature protects against inflammation by increasing levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine, IFN-γ.


http://ift.tt/2gqR08t

Smile and dental aesthetics: a literature review

2016-11-18T06-07-55Z
Source: Medicine Science | International Medical Journal
Funda Demir, Elif Aybala Oktay, Fulya Toksoy Topcu.
The importance of dentofacial appeal in regard to the individual's psycho-social well-being is a proven fact. One of the most important factors that affect people's smiles is teeth. A dental restorations positive impact on the patient's smile, appearance, self-confidence and overall mental health can not be underestimated. In this review, the relation between smile and dental aesthetics is being addressed together with teeth, gum, face elements, aesthetics criteria and cases.


http://ift.tt/2f7sNyl

The efficacy of clobetasol, dexpanthenol, and fucidic acid in the treatment of cetuximab-induced skin toxicity

2016-11-18T06-07-55Z
Source: Medicine Science | International Medical Journal
Didem Tastekin.
Cetuximab (CTX) is a monoclonal antibody against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). It is used as a monotherapy or in combination with cytotoxic chemotherapy in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Severe cutaneous reactions are frequent and major causes of discontinuation of CTX treatment. This open-label study evaluated the efficacy of a mixture drug topically applied to skin lesions in patients with mCRC who developed skin toxicity caused by CTX. Twenty patients with mCRC were included in this prospective, single-center, open-labeled trial. The patients had received CTX in addition to chemotherapy and developed grade 2 or 3 skin toxicity and were treated twice daily with an ointment mixture of clobetasol, dexpanthenol, and fucidic acid. The objective response rate was 100%, and no delay, dose reduction or discontinuation of CTX treatment due to skin toxicity were necessary. Skin toxicity relapsed in the following chemotherapy cycles in all patients after discontinuation of the ointment. Repeated administration of the ointment resulted in improvement of skin toxicity and allowed continuation of CTX treatment. This ointment mixture seems to be effective in the treatment of CTX-induced skin toxicity in patients with mCRC.


http://ift.tt/2gnhhDS

A cross sectional study to evaluate needle stick injuries among health care workers in Malabar medical college, Calicut, Kerala, India

2016-11-18T04-29-22Z
Source: International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health
Ananthachari K. R., Divya C. V..
Background: Percutaneous injuries caused by needle sticks pose a significant risk of blood borne pathogens among health care workers. Many factors are involved in transmission of infections like HIV, Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C such as overuse of injections, lack of disposable syringes, safer needle devices, sharps disposal containers, passing instruments from hand to hand, lack of awareness and adequate training. Needle stick injuries (NSI) are under reported, this study helps to know the causes and other factors related to NSI for effective prevention. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted among all health care workers who consented to participated in the study in July 1st to July 31st 2016. 514 health workers were interviewed and given a pre-detested, semi-structured questionnaire was given to elicit information regarding the factors for causation of NSI and its effective prevention. Results: 21.1% (108) of the health care workers had NSI. 45.4% were interns, followed by nursing staff (26.8%). 55.5% (60) had history of NSI while performing any surgeries or assisting procedures. Majority of them knew about the transmission of HIV (100%), Hepatitis B (99.1%) and Hepatitis C (81.4%) and Malaria (20.3). NSI reporting was observed at 46.2%. 88.2% (90) of them had completed their 3 dose schedule of hepatitis B vaccine, 48% (52) had received training on universal precautions. Conclusions: NSI was seen more among interns and nursing staff. They had good knowledge regarding the diseases transmission due to NSI and Vaccination. Effective periodic training on universal precautions can prevent NSI.


http://ift.tt/2eNem7n

Transplant ineligible multiple myeloma patients presenting as paraplegia/paraparesis a prospective single institution study

2016-11-18T04-17-24Z
Source: International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Aravindh Sivanandan Anand, Vipin George Kuriakose, Resmi K. P., Sabarinath P. S..
Background: Multiple myeloma a plasma cell neoplasm characterized by heterogeneous myriad of presentation with paraparesis or paraplegia in 20% cases due to spinal cord compression by vertebral collapse, compression or fracture. Methods: This is a prospective observational study of thirty transplant ineligible multiple myeloma patients with paraplegia/paraparesis. Pretreatment evaluation done as per standard protocol including MRI whole spine. Involved spine XRT 8Gy single fraction followed by BLD (Bortezomib 1.3mg/m2 weekly once, Lenalidomide 10mg/m2 for 21 days, oral dexamethasone 40 mg weekly once). Neurological parameters, time to neurological and tumor response at 6 months assessed. Patients in very good partial response or complete response were maintained on Lenalidomide and bisphosphonate therapy for a period of two years. The duration of symptoms and time to response were analyzed with Mann Whitney Cox test. Results: 15 patients were grade 0 power and others grade 1 or 2. Median time to any neurological response was 2.97 weeks. 63.3% of patients achieved power of grade 5, 30% grade 4 and 6.7% grade 3 powers. 23.3% patients received complete response while 63.3% patients very good partial response. Conclusions: Bedridden myeloma patients had an excellent improvement in quality of life and tumor control with this treatment schedule.


http://ift.tt/2g3dclb

Histopathological spectrum of ophthalmic lesions in Chhattisgarh: study from a tertiary care centre

2016-11-18T01-26-01Z
Source: International Journal of Advances in Medicine
Kujur P., Mulkalwar M., Kosam S..
Background: Ophthalmic pathology is a subspecialty of cellular pathology which deals with the diagnosis and characterization of eye diseases. Ophthalmic pathologists study tissues excised by ophthalmologists through evisceration and enucleation and other small biopsies from various ophthalmic surgeries. Ophthalmic lesions include a wide spectrum of lesions ranging from benign, premalignant to malignant lesions. The diagnosis of these lesions is based on the clinical as well as histopathological features. Methods: The present study was an observational prospective study conducted on a 62 ophthalmic biopsies received in Histopathology laboratory, Department of Pathology, Pt. J.N.M. Medical College and Dr. B.R.A.M. Hospital, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India, between March 2016 and October 2016. Institutional ethics committee of Pt. J.N.M. Medical College, Raipur, India has approved this study. Informed written consent was collected from the patients or their relatives. Results: Out of 62 cases of ophthalmic biopsies, 38 (61.29%) were non-neoplastic and 24 (38.71%) were neoplastic lesions. Among non-neoplastic lesions, inflammatory lesions of lacrimal sac were more common 16 (42%) followed by conjuctival lesions 10 (26.3%). Among the neoplastic lesions, retinoblastoma was the most common malignancy 11 (45.83%). Conclusions: The most common ocular malignancy was retinoblastoma; among non-neoplastic disorder, chronic dacryoadenitis followed by benign lesions of conjunctiva. Some ocular masses composed of rhino sporangium involving conjunctiva, lid or lacrimal sac.


http://ift.tt/2gpt2uf

Influence of dietary supplementation of synbiotics as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters on Performance, ultrastructure and histomorphology of gut integrity in broilers.

2016-11-17T23-24-58Z
Source: International Journal of Livestock Research
rayala reddy v, ravinder reddy v, Panda A K, chinni preetam V, Baswa Reddy P.
Although beneficial effects of the most growth promoters are revealed particularly when flocks encounter stress conditions, in the present study regarding effects of the growth promoters on growth performance and intestinal histomorphometry, it might be concluded that synbiotic @ 250mg/kg in diet could be considered as a suitable alternative for antibiotics as a growth promoter in broiler diets.


http://ift.tt/2g4ehKd